Arcanobacterium Collins et al. 1983
General information
Description and emendation
On blood agar plates slender, irregular, bacillary forms predominate during the first 18 h; many cells are arranged at an angle to give V-formations. As growth proceeds organisms become granular and segmented so that they resemble small and irregular cocci. Both rods and coccoid cells are Gram-positive, non-acid fast and non-motile; endospores are not formed. Organisms are facultatively anaerobic. Growth is considerably enhanced in an atmosphere of CO2. Growth is sparse on ordinary media but enhanced by blood or serum. The optimum temperature for growth is 37°C. Organisms will not withstand heating at 60°C for 15 min. Acid is produced from glucose, dextrin, lactose and some other sugars (Schofield & Schaal, 198 1). The cell wall peptidoglycan is based on lysine. Mycolic acids are not present. The long-chain fatty acids are primarily straight-chain and monounsaturated (oleic acid series) acids. The major respiratory quinones are tetrahydrogenated menaquinones with nine isoprene units. The DNA base composition, as estimated from melting point (Tm) determinations, is 50-52 mol% G+C.
1: In contrast to the original description of the genus, some species do not contain a quinone system with menaquinone MK-9(H4) as the major compound; MK-10(H4) can also predominate.
2: On blood agar plates cells are slender, irregular and predominately rod-shaped or arranged at an angle to give V-formations during the first 18 h of growth, becoming granular and segmented, resembling small, irregular cocci over time. Both rod-shaped and coccoid cells are Gramreaction-positive, non-acid-fast and non-motile. Endospores are not formed. Catalase-positive. Facultatively anaerobic. Growth is considerably enhanced in an atmosphere of CO2. Growth is sparse on ordinary media but enhanced on blood- or serum-containing media. Optimum temperature for growth is 37°C. Unable to withstand heating at 60°C for 15 min. CAMP-test positive. The peptidoglycan is of the type A5α, variation L-Lys-L-Lys-D-Glu. The muramic acid residue of the peptidoglycan is Nacetylated. Characteristic whole-cell sugars are rhamnose and glucose. Mycolic acids are not present. Long-chain fatty acids are primarily straight-chain saturated and monounsaturated as well as branched-chain iso-/anteiso-types. The phospholipid type is type PI, comprising DPG, PG, PI but without PGL. The principal menaquinone is MK-9(H4). The DNA G+C content is 50-57 mol%.
3: May contain a phosphoglycolipid and do not necessarily contain phosphatidylglycerol in their lipid profile.
Subdivision(s)
MID | Name | Rank | Taxon ID |
---|---|---|---|
M020202020104002 | Arcanobacterium canis | Species | 999183 |
M020202020104001 | Arcanobacterium haemolyticum | Species | 28264 |
M020202020104003 | Arcanobacterium hippocoleae | Species | 149017 |
M020202020104004 | Arcanobacterium phocae | Species | 131112 |
M020202020104005 | Arcanobacterium phocisimile | Species | 1302235 |
M020202020104006 | Arcanobacterium pinnipediorum | Species | 1503041 |
M020202020104007 | Arcanobacterium pluranimalium | Species | 108028 |
M020202020104008 | Arcanobacterium wilhelmae | Species | 1803177 |