Microbiology, U. Pennsylvania School of Medicine.; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University.; AACR.; Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University.; Department of Medicine, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles aribas@mednet.ucla.edu.

Departamento de Saude de Santo Andre, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Santa Casa de Maua, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: elainemmatsuda@gmail.com.; Santa Casa de Maua, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: drsinvaldo@hotmail.com.; Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: marciajcastejon@gmail.com.; Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: mayumiahagon@gmail.com.; Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: ivanacamp@gmail.com.; Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: lubrigido@gmail.com.

Indian Association for the cultivation of science, Indian Association for the cultivation of science

Department of History and Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA. chadarevian@history.ucla.edu.; Department of Cultural Heritage, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1, Ravenna, Italy.

Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Medizinische Fakultat (FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Medizinische Fakultat (FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Medizinische Fakultat (FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Medizinische Fakultat (FAU), Massachusetts Eye Ear, Harvard Medical School, Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Medizinische Fakultat (FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Medizinische Fakultat (FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Medizinische Fakultat (FAU)

Department of Internal Medicine, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia.

Department of respiration, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University(Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital), Jinhua, China 321000

Member of the Medical Education Unit and Institute Research Council, Department of Community Medicine, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) - Deemed to be University, Ammapettai, Nellikuppam, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India.; Department of Community Medicine, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (SBV) - Deemed to be University, Ammapettai, Nellikuppam, Chengalpet, Tamil Nadu, India.

Department of Public Health Sciences New Mexico State University Las Cruces New Mexico USA.; School of Population Health University of Toledo Toledo Ohio USA.

From the Nuffield Department of Medicine (P.H.), Nuffield Department of Population Health (J.R.E., M.M., J.L.B., L.L., N.S., E.J., R.H., M.J.L.), and MRC Population Health Research Unit (J.R.E., N.S., R.H., M.J.L.), University of Oxford, the Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (K.J.), and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (M.J.L.), Oxford, the Respiratory Medicine Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (W.S.L.), and the School of Medicine, University of Nottingham (A.M.), Nottingham, the Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester (C.B.), the Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, North Manchester General Hospital and University of Manchester (A.U.), and the University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (T.F.), Manchester, the Research and Development Department, Northampton General Hospital, Northampton (E.E.), the Department of Respiratory Medicine, North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust, Stockton-on-Tees (B.P.), University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham (C.G.), the Centre for Clinical Infection, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough (D.C.), the North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough (K. Rege), the Department of Research and Development, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff (C.F.), the School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London (L.C.C.), and the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre (K. Rowan), London, the NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility and Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton (S.N.F.), the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Lancaster University, Lancaster (T.J.), the MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge (T.J.), and Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh (J.K.B.) - all in the United Kingdom.