Open University, London School of Economics, Oxford University, Columbia University, University of Texas at San Antonio, Oxford University, Agder University, University of Manchester, University College London, University of Montreal

The university of new south wales, Unsw sydney nsw 2052 australia.; Quinlan school of business, Loyola university Chicago, 16 east pearson street, Chicago, Illinois 60611.

[Abdin, Shifaa M.; Elgendy, Sara M.; Alyammahi, Shatha K.; Alhamad, Dima W.; Omar, Hany A.] Univ Sharjah, Sharjah Inst Med Res, Sharjah 27272, U Arab Emirates; [Abdin, Shifaa M.] Univ Sharjah, Coll Med, Sharjah 27272, U Arab Emirates; [Elgendy, Sara M.; Alyammahi, Shatha K.; Alhamad, Dima W.; Omar, Hany A.] Univ Sharjah, Coll Pharm, Sharjah 27272, U Arab Emirates; [Omar, Hany A.] Beni Suef Univ, Fac Pharm, Bani Suwayf 62514, Egypt

1Department of Neurology, Landesklinikum Mistelbach-Ganserndorf, Mistelbach, Austria.; Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.; Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Germany.

Internal Medicine, 12 Air Force Hospital, Gorakhpur, IND; Cardiology, 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur, IND

Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ibaraki, JPN

[Jones-Bonofiglio, K.; Nortje, N.] Lakehead Univ, Ctr Hlth Care Eth, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada; [Jones-Bonofiglio, K.] Int Network UNESCO Chair Bioeth Haifa, Bioeth Unit, Haifa, Israel; [Nortje, N.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Sect Integrated Eth Canc Carr, Crit Carr & Resp Care, Houston, TX 77030 USA; [Nortje, N.] Univ Western Cape, Fac Community & Hlth Sci, Dept Dietet, Cape Town, South Africa

School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74, Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.; Sun Yat-sen University Global Health Institute, School of Public Health and Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.; Hubei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430097, China.; West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, China.; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.; School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.; Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, 510440, China.; School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.; Zigong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zigong, 643000, China.; Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan.; Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.; Acacia Lab for Health Systems Strengthening and Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, 1023 South Shatai Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China. romanxu@i.smu.edu.cn.; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74, Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China. gujing5@mail.sysu.edu.cn.; Sun Yat-sen University Global Health Institute, School of Public Health and Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. gujing5@mail.sysu.edu.cn.

Department of Economic Informatics and Cybernetics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010552 Bucharest, Romania;David D. Reh School of Business, Clarkson University, 333 B.H. Snell Hall, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA;Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcome Science, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA., Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trials i Pujol, Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia, Barcelona, Spain., Respiratory Department, Hospital Ramon y Cajal and Medicine Department, Universidad de Alcala (Instituto de Ramon y Cajal de Investigacion Sanitaria), Centro de, Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY, USA., Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, NY, USA., Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada., Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA., Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom., Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany., Department of Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine and University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA., McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada., Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA., Yale University, Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom., Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Brigham and Women Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.