Syntrophobacterales Kuever et al. 2006
General information
Description and emendation
Cells are oval or rod shaped and often motile. Strictly anaerobic chemoorganotrophic or chemolithoautotrophic growth by fermentative or respiratory metabolism. Several members use sulfate as an electron acceptor, which is reduced to sulfide; however, most described species of the genera Syntrophobacter, Syntrophus, and Smithella are unable to use sulfate as electron acceptor but rather reduce protons (or form formate) and thus require the presence of H2-utilizing (or formate-utilizing) organisms (methanogens or sulfate reducers) as syntrophic partners. In addition, sulfite or thiosulfate may be used; some members may also reduce elemental sulfur (or polysulfide) to sulfide. Simple organic compounds serve as electron donors and carbon sources that are oxidized incompletely to acetate or completely to CO2. Most members are mesophilic; in addition, some moderate thermophiles with growth temperature optima at 60°C have been isolated. Cells contain various cytochromes and other redox proteins. Mesophilic species have been isolated from almost every type of anoxic aquatic environment, including marine and freshwater habitats, as well as sludge from sewage treatment plants. Thermophilic members have been isolated from geothermally heated marine environments. All members grow preferentially around neutral conditions. The order comprises the families Syntrophobacteraceae and Syntrophaceae.
Subdivision(s)
MID | Name | Rank | Taxon ID |
---|---|---|---|
MSG100591 | 'Syntrophobacterales bacterium' | Species | |
M0225040801 | Syntrophaceae | Family | 213468 |
M0225040802 | Syntrophobacteraceae | Family | 213465 |
M0225040803 | Syntrophorhabdaceae | Family | 513556 |