Phytobacter Zhang et al. 2017
General information
Description and emendation
Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, motile rods. Growing optimally at 30°C, pH 7.0. Catalase, tryptophan deaminase, and lysine decarboxylase are produced, but oxidase is not produced. The Voges-Proskauer reaction and nitrate reduction test are positive. The DNA G+C content of the type species is 58.6±0.5 mol%.
1: Bacteria belonging to this genus are chemoorganotrophic and able to fix nitrogen. Cells are straight rods 0.6 to 0.7 by 0.9 to 1.2 µm in size, Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic and motile (amphitrichous flagella), non-encapsulated and non spore forming. Growth occurs at 5-40 °C, with an optimum between 28 and 37 °C. Optimum pH for growth is 7.0 (range is 4.0-10.0). Colonies growing on MacConkey agar are circular, convex and smooth with non-entire margins and usually an elevated centre. They are not yellow-pigmented on nutrient agar up to 7 days of incubation and their diameter reaches 4 mm within 3 days at 30 °C. Bacteria are lactose fermenting, cytochrome oxidase negative and catalase positive. Glucose is fermented with the production of gas. Lysine and ornithine are not decarboxylated and arginine is not hydrolysed. The cells produce indole. Voges-Proskauer test, citrate (Simmon’s) and aesculin are positive. Nitrate is reduced to nitrite. Cells do not produce hydrogen sulfide [Sulfide Indole Motility (SIM) agar] and urease. Acid is produced at 35±1 °C within 2 days from the following carbon sources: L-rhamnose, glycerol, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-mannitol, lactose, sucrose, trehalose, cellobiose, sorbitol, arabinose, dulcitol, salicin. Cells do not produce acid from inositol and melibiose. In contrast with what was reported by Zhang et al., all tested isolates including DSM 17806T were tryptophan deaminase and lysine decarboxylase negative in the API20E test. Phytobacter can be differentiated from related enterobacterial genera based both on physiological and biochemical tests and on DNA hybridization.
Subdivision(s)
MID | Name | Rank | Taxon ID |
---|---|---|---|
M022506080219001 | Phytobacter diazotrophicus | Species | 395631 |
M022506080219002 | Phytobacter ursingii | Species | 1972431 |