Erwinia Winslow et al. 1920 (Approved Lists 1980)
General information
Description and emendation
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1: The cells are gram-negative rods which are 0.5-1.0 × 1.0-3.0 µm. They occur mostly alone or in pairs, but chains occur as well. Cells are usually motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Erwinia strains do not produce indole and do not oxidize gluconate. They are facultative anaerobic, oxidase negative and catalase positive. Strains produce acid from fructose, galactose, glucose, mannitol, β-methylglucoside and sucrose but not from adonitol, arabitol, dextrin, dulcitol, inulin, maltose, starch and tagatose. Strains grow on fructose, fumarate, galactose, gluconate, glucose, glycerol, malate, β-methylglucoside and succinate but not arabitol, benzoate, butanol, methanol, oxalate, propionate and sorbose as carbon sources. Strains use alanine, glutaminic acid, glycylglycine and serine but not kynureninic acid and trigonelline as nitrogen sources. Erwinias are sensitive to chloramphenicol, furazolidone, nalidixinic acid, oxytetracycline and tetracycline. Strains do not possess arginine dihydrolase, caseinase, phenylalanine deaminase and urease. The major fatty acids include C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0. Erwinia strains cause wilt and rotting diseases on plants or are part of the epiphytic flora. The species of the genus Erwinia comprise a distinct phylogenetic group, as determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, and are characterized by signature nucleotides A, A, C, G, G, C, G, G, G, C, G, C, C, C and G at positions 408, 594, 598, 639, 646, 839, 847, 987, 988, 989, 1216, 1217, 1218, 1308 and 1329, respectively, according to the E. coli 16S rRNA gene sequence numbering. The G+C contents of members of the genus range from 49.8 to 54.1 mol%.
Subdivision(s)
MID | Name | Rank | Taxon ID |
---|---|---|---|
M022506080302001 | Erwinia amylovora | Species | 552 |
M022506080302003 | Erwinia aphidicola | Species | 68334 |
M022506080302004 | Erwinia billingiae | Species | 182337 |
M022506080302005 | Erwinia carnegieana | Species | 1653844 |
M022506080302006 | Erwinia endophytica | Species | 1563158 |
M022506080302007 | Erwinia gerundensis | Species | 1619313 |
M022506080302008 | Erwinia iniecta | Species | 1560201 |
M022506080302009 | Erwinia mallotivora | Species | 69222 |
M022506080302010 | Erwinia oleae | Species | 796334 |
M022506080302011 | Erwinia papayae | Species | 206499 |
M022506080302012 | Erwinia persicina | Species | 55211 |
M022506080302013 | Erwinia piriflorinigrans | Species | 665097 |
M022506080302014 | Erwinia psidii | Species | 69224 |
M022506080302015 | Erwinia pyrifoliae | Species | 79967 |
M022506080302016 | Erwinia rhapontici | Species | 55212 |
M022506080302017 | Erwinia tasmaniensis | Species | 338565 |
M022506080302002 | Erwinia teleogrylli | Species | 1384589 |
M022506080302018 | Erwinia toletana | Species | 92490 |
M022506080302019 | Erwinia tracheiphila | Species | 65700 |
M022506080302020 | Erwinia typographi | Species | 371042 |
M022506080302021 | Erwinia uzenensis | Species | 717607 |