Citrobacter freundii Werkman and Gillen 1932 (Approved Lists 1980)
General information
Name
Citrobacter freundii
Basonym
'Bacterium freundii' Braak 1928
Valid publication
1980
Effective publication
1932
Etymology
N.L. gen. masc. n. <i>freundii</i>, of Freund, named after A. Freund, the bacteriologist who first observed that trimethylene glycol was a product of fermentation.
Ecology
Source
isolated from humans and animals including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish; also from soil, water, sewage, and food. Often found in clinical specimens such as urine, throat, sputum, blood, and wound swabs as an opportunistic or secondary pathogen.
Morphology
Cells are non-spore-forming, short rods (~1.0 × 2.0-6.0 µm) with rounded ends, occurring singly and in pairs. Usually motile by peritrichous flagella. Colonies on nutrient agar are generally 2-4 mm in diameter, smooth, low convex, moist, translucent or opaque, and gray with a shiny surface and entire edge.
Morphology standardized
cell shape | length | width |
---|---|---|
rod | 2.0-6.0 | 1.0 |
motility |
---|
- |
flagellum | arrangement |
---|---|
+ | peritrichous |
Physiology
Nutrition type
chemoorganotroph
Oxygen requirement
facultatively anaerobic
GC
GC_content |
---|
50-51 |
Gram
staining |
---|
negative |
C/N source
positive results | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
citrate | succinate | lactate | acetate | formate | glycerol | D-glucose |
Biochemistry
Fattyacids
Name | Account |
---|---|
C14:0 3-OH and/or iso-C16:0 I | 6.8 |
C18:1 ω7c/12t/9t | 18.1 |
C16:1 ω7c | 29.9 |
C16:0 | 26.0 |
C14:0 | 6.8 |
H2s pdu
+
Indole pdu
+
Metyl red
+
Nitrate rdc
+
Vp test
-
Enzymology
Enzyme | Activity |
---|---|
catalase | + |
oxidase | - |
Taxonomy marker
AJ233408
Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 = MTCC 1658
Create date: 30-MAR-1999
Length
1505
Topology
linear
Strandedness
double
Xref
Genomics
Submitter date: 2014/07/28 00:00 Update date: 2014/10/12 00:00
Source
UW-GEL
Coverage
10
Assembly status
Contig
Assembly class
haploid
Submitter date: 2014/09/25 00:00 Update date: 2015/02/09 00:00
Source
National Institute of Technology and Evaluation
Coverage
76
Assembly status
Contig
Assembly class
haploid
Strain List
References
1
Braak, H.R. Onderzoekingen over vergisting van Glycerine. Thesis (1928) Meinema W.D. Uitgever-Delft. pp. 1-233.
2
Werkman, C.H., Gillen, G.F. Bacteria producing trimethylene glycol. J. Bacteriol. (1932) 23:167-182.[PMID:16559543]
[PMCID:PMC533311]
3
Skerman, V.B.D., McGowan, V., and Sneath, P.H.A. (editors). Approved lists of bacterial names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. (1980) 30:225-420.[DOI:10.1099/00207713-30-1-225]
Note
The fatty acid profile of Citrobacter freundii CCUG 418 T is from the CCUG homepage (http://www.ccug.se/default.cfm?navID=1).