Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 12203 Berlin, Germany;Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre, Hyderabad 500004, India;Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals Bonn, University of Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany;Host Septomics, ZIK Septomics, Jena University Hospital, 07745 Jena, Germany;Postgraduate Department of Botany, Life Science Block, Ramananda College, Bishnupur 722122, India;Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India;Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA;Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007, India;Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany;Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. ;These authors contributed equally (shared senior authorship).

[Ding, Rongrong; Huang, Dan; Wang, Yanbing; Li, Xiufen; Zhou, Xinlan; Yan, Li; Lu, Wei; Zhang, Zhanqing] Fudan Univ, Shanghai Publ Hlth Clin Ctr, Dept Hepatobiliary Med, Shanghai 201508, Peoples R China; [Yang, Zongguo] Fudan Univ, Shanghai Publ Hlth Clin Ctr, Dept Integrat Med, Shanghai 201508, Peoples R China

[Arnold, Mark H.] Univ Sydney Camperdown, Fac Med & Hlth, Sydney Med Program, Sydney, NSW, Australia; [Komesaroff, Paul] Univ Sydney, Fac Med & Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney Hlth Eth, Sydney, NSW, Australia; [Kerridge, Ian] Monash Univ, Fac Med Nursing & Hlth Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology Allahabad, Devghat, Jhalwa, Prayagraj, UP, India.

Z. Zaidi is professor, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. M. Dewan is interim president and distinguished service professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York. J. Norcini is president emeritus, Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research (FAIMER), and research professor, Department of Psychiatry, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York.

Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.; First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.; Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States.; Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.; Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Clevaland, OH, United States.; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.; Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.; Academic Regulatory & Monitoring Services, LLC, Cincinnati, OH, United States.; Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.

Department of General and Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Mostoles, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Histopathology, University Hospital of Mostoles, Madrid, Spain.

Oregon State University, University of Adelaide, Tongji University, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru, Alzahra University, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Arvandan Non-profit Higher Education Institute