Drug ID:Drug175
Drug Name:Allopurinol
CID:135401907
DrugBank ID:DB00437
Modality:Small Molecule
Groups:approved
US Approved:YES
Other Approved:YES
Identifier: NCT03101800
Molecular Formula:C5H4N4O
Molecular Weight:136.11 g/mol
Isomeric SMILES:C1=NNC2=C1C(=O)NC=N2
Synonyms:allopurinol; 315-30-0; 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-ol; 4-Hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine; Allopurinolum; 4-HPP; Alopurinol; 1H-Pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidin-4-ol; 4-Hydroxypyrazolopyrimidine; 4-Hydroxy-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine
Phase 0: 4
Phase 1: 36
Phase 2: 76
Phase 3: 46
Phase 4: 40
Description:A xanthine oxidase inhibitor that decreases uric acid production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms. [PubChem]

Molecular Structure

2D Molecular Structure

Knowledge Graph

dtIDCIDCompound NameGene IDGene NameSpeciesPubMed IDsAction
dt1276 135401907 Allopurinol 1576 CYP3A4 Homo sapiens (human) None
dt1277 135401907 Allopurinol 2646 GCKR Homo sapiens (human) Inhibitor
dt1278 135401907 Allopurinol 54657 UGT1A4 Homo sapiens (human) None
dt1279 135401907 Allopurinol 23040 MYT1L Homo sapiens (human) None
dt1280 135401907 Allopurinol 54579 UGT1A5 Homo sapiens (human) None
dt1281 135401907 Allopurinol 5311 PKD2 Homo sapiens (human) None
dt1282 135401907 Allopurinol 54659 UGT1A3 Homo sapiens (human) None
dt1283 135401907 Allopurinol 1557 CYP2C19 Homo sapiens (human) None
dt1284 135401907 Allopurinol 1565 CYP2D6 Homo sapiens (human) None
dt1285 135401907 Allopurinol 360158 CYCSP5 Homo sapiens (human) None

  • No data available

Phase Distribution
Phase Description
  • Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
  • Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
  • Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
  • Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
  • Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy

Trial IDTitlePhaseStatusSponsorIndicationsInterventions
NCT03101800 Beneficial and Harmful Effects of Azathioprine and Allopurinol Versus Standard Azathioprine Therapy for Patients With Ulcerative Colitis PHASE3 UNKNOWN Hvidovre University Hospital Colitis, Ulcerative|Colitis Ulcerative Exacerbati… DRUG: Azathioprine and Allopurinol|DRUG: Azathiop… Details
NCT00849368 Azathioprine & Allopurinol in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients PHASE1 COMPLETED University of Zurich Inflammatory Bowel Disease DRUG: Azathioprine / Allopurinol Details
EUCTR2016-004112-35-SE Low-dose azathioprine and allopurinol- versus azathioprine monotherapy in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An investigator-initiated, open, multicentre, parallel-arm, randomized controlled trial A SOIBD (The Swedish Organisation f PHASE4 Authorised SOIBD (The Swedish Organisation for the study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases) Patients with inflammatory bowel diseae (Ulcerati… Trade Name: ImurelProduct Name: AzathioprineProdu… Details
EUCTR2013-001503-37-DK Effect of low-dose Azathioprine and Allopurinol compared to Azathioprine on clinical outcomes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease PHASE3 Not Recruiting Marianne Kiszka-Kanowitz Inflammatory Bowel Disease, (Ulcerativ colitis, C… Trade Name: ImurelPharmaceutical Form: TabletINN … Details
ACTRN12613001347752 A randomized controlled trial of patients with IBD attending specialist clinics comparing de novo combination allopurinol and thiopurine versus thiopurine and placebo (ie standard practice) in terms of objective and clinical outcomes at six months PHASE3|PHASE4 Recruiting Eastern Health Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Inflammatory Bowel Di… De novo combination therapy with allopurinol 100m… Details
ACTRN12611000363987 The Triple A (Adjunctive Allopurinol and Azathioprine) Study: Use of Ajunctive Allopurinol in Azathioprine/6-Mercaptopurine Non-responders to Optimize 6-Thioguanine Nucleotide Production and Improve Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Di PHASE3|PHASE4 Not Recruiting The Alfred Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD); Inflammatory Bo… Eligible IBD patients will be randomly allocated … Details

Disease IDDisease NameDefinitionCategoryRelated DrugsMechanism
No data available

Strategy IDTherapeutic StrategySynonymsRelated DrugsMechanism
No data available

A skewed thiopurine metabolism is a common clinical phenomenon that can be succ…

PMID: 23168376
Year: 2013
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.1

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A skewed thiopurine metabolism is a phenomenon associated with both poor treatment response and toxicity. Our aim was to evaluat…

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Optimising outcome on thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease by co-prescript…

PMID: 22386736
Year: 2012
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.1

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Azathioprine and mercaptopurine remain first line immunomodulatory treatments for inflammatory bowel disease. Toxicity and non-r…

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Two brothers with skewed thiopurine metabolism in ulcerative colitis treated su…

PMID: 22147254
Year: 2012
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.1

Thiopurine therapy effectively maintains remission in inflammatory bowel disease. However, many patients are unable to achieve optimum benefits from …

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Allopurinol enhances the activity of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransfe…

PMID: 22132961
Year: 2011
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.1

Thiopurines are crucial in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The phenotype of pivotal metabolic enzymes determines whether thioguanine nuc…

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Allopurinol might improve response to azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine by corr…

PMID: 21175793
Year: 2011
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.1

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Allopurinol potentiates azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) by increasing 6-thioguanine nucleotide (6-TGN) metabolite concen…

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