| Drug ID: | Drug28 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Metronidazole |
| CID: | 4173 |
| DrugBank ID: | DB00916 |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | approved |
| US Approved: | YES |
| Other Approved: | YES |
| Identifier: | NCT03794765, , NCT04968951, , NCT02606032, , NCT04186247, , NCT00257699, , NCT00355602, , NCT04979832 |
| Molecular Formula: | C6H9N3O3 |
| Molecular Weight: | 171.15 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | CC1=NC=C(N1CCO)[N+](=O)[O-] |
| Synonyms: | metronidazole; 443-48-1; Metronidazol; 2-Methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol; Anagiardil; Deflamon; Orvagil; Novonidazol; Meronidal; Metronidaz |
| Phase 0: | 15 |
| Phase 1: | 40 |
| Phase 2: | 103 |
| Phase 3: | 107 |
| Phase 4: | 206 |
| Description: | A nitroimidazole used to treat amebiasis; vaginitis; trichomonas infections; giardiasis; anaerobic bacteria; and treponemal infections. It has also been proposed as a radiation sensitizer for hypoxic cells. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985, p133), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck, 11th ed). |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt258 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 706 | TSPO | Homo sapiens (human) | None | |
| dt259 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 3569 | IL6 | Homo sapiens (human) | None | |
| dt260 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 10864 | SLC22A7 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 36464106 | [vancomycin co-treated with neomycin co-treated with ampicillin co-treated with metronidazole co-treated with amphotericin B] results in increased expression of SLC22A7 mRNA |
| dt261 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 6519 | SLC3A1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 30545405 | [ampicillin co-treated with neomycin co-treated with gentamicins co-treated with metronidazole co-treated with vancomycin] results in increased expression of SLC3A1 protein |
| dt262 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 123264 | SLC51B | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 24657338 | Metronidazole results in decreased expression of SLC51B mRNA |
| dt263 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 11309 | SLCO2B1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 24657338 | Metronidazole results in increased expression of SLCO2B1 mRNA |
| dt264 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 6610 | SMPD2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 30545405 | [ampicillin co-treated with neomycin co-treated with gentamicins co-treated with metronidazole co-treated with vancomycin] results in increased expression of SMPD2 protein |
| dt265 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 6713 | SQLE | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 36464106 | [vancomycin co-treated with neomycin co-treated with ampicillin co-treated with metronidazole co-treated with amphotericin B] results in increased expression of SQLE mRNA |
| dt266 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 8878 | SQSTM1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 36535435 | [vancomycin co-treated with neomycin co-treated with metronidazole] promotes the reaction [zinc oxide analog results in increased expression of SQSTM1 protein] |
| dt267 | 4173 | Metronidazole | 6720 | SREBF1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 36464106 | [sodium selenite results in increased abundance of selenium] inhibits the reaction [[vancomycin co-treated with neomycin co-treated with ampicillin co-treated with metronidazole co-treated with amphotericin B] results in increased expression of SREBF1 mrn |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04968951 | Refined Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) for Ulcerative Colitis (UC) | EARLY_PHASE1 | TERMINATED | Ari M Grinspan | Ulcerative Colitis|FMT|Fecal Microbiota Transplant | DRUG: Metronidazole|DRUG: Placebo|DRUG: Vancomyci… | Details |
| NCT02606032 | Trial of Antimicrobials Versus Placebo in Addition to Fecal Transplant Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Metronidazole|DRUG: Doxycycline|DRUG: Terbi… | Details |
| NCT04979832 | GM-CSF, Fosfomycin and Metronidazole for Pouchitis in Ulcerative Colitis Patients After Restorative IPAA Surgery | PHASE1|PHASE2 | UNKNOWN | Zealand University Hospital | Pouchitis | DRUG: GM-CSF, fosfomycin and metronidazole | Details |
| NCT04186247 | Personalized AZithromycin/metronidAZole Therapy in Pediatric Crohn's Disease (CD) | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill | Crohn Disease|Pediatric Crohns Disease | DRUG: Azithromycin|DRUG: Metronidazole|OTHER: Sta… | Details |
| NCT00257699 | Study of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Colonic Crohn's Disease | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada | Crohn's Disease | DRUG: Metronidazole placebo|DRUG: ciprofloxacin p… | Details |
| NCT03042091 | Neomycin and Metronidazole Hydrochloride With or Without Polyethylene Glycol in Reducing Infection in Patients Undergoing Elective Colorectal Surgery | EARLY_PHASE1 | UNKNOWN | Thomas Jefferson University | Colorectal Neoplasms; Diverticulitis; Inflammator… | DRUG: Polyethylene Glycol; DRUG: Neomycin; DRUG: … | Details |
| NCT03794765 | Antibiotics as an Adjuvant in Patients With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh | Ulcerative Colitis|Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Ac… | DRUG: Ceftriaxone|DRUG: Metronidazole|OTHER: Plac… | Details |
| JPRN-jRCTs031180415 | Single center non-randomized study: A trial of a combination therapy of fecal microbial transplantation and antibiotics for inflammatory bowel disease | Not Available | Not Recruiting | Ishikawa Dai | Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Ulcerative Colitis, C… | AFM therapy arm : three antibiotics, amoxicillin … | Details |
| NCT03593252 | Mechanical Bowel Prep and Prophylactic Oral Antibiotic Use in Children: Implications for Intestinal Surgery Complications | Not Available | Not recruiting | McMaster University | Colostomy Stoma;Ileostomy - Stoma;Jejunostomy Sto… | Drug: Senna;Drug: Sodium Picosulfate, Magnesium O… | Details |
| JPRN-UMIN000025846 | A trial of a combination therapy of fecal microbial transplantation and antibiotics for inflammatory bowel disease - A trial of a combination therapy of fecal microbial transplantation and antibiotics for inflammatory bowel disease | Not Available | Recruiting | Juntendo university school of medicine Department of gastroenterology | ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease | Administration of the fecal material from healthy… | Details |
| NCT03986996 | Antimicrobial Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis (UC) | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Wolfson Medical Center | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: amoxicillin, metronidazole and doxycycline|… | Details |
| NCT06583863 | Parasitic Infections and Ulcerative Colitis: Combining Anti-parasitic and Immunomodulatory Treatments May Achieve Remission | None | COMPLETED | Benha University | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Echinacea Extract|DRUG: MetroNIDAZOLE 500 M… | Details |
| NCT00355602 | Antibiotics for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis | None | COMPLETED | University of Dundee | Colitis, Ulcerative | DRUG: Cefuroxime|DRUG: Ciprofloxacin|DRUG: Clarit… | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No data available | ||||||
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No data available | |||||
The Comparative Effectiveness of Ciprofloxacin and Metronidazole for an Initial…
PMID: 37463438
Year: 2023
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
INTRODUCTION: There is minimal evidence regarding the comparative effectiveness of individual antibiotics in the treatment of pouchitis. We sought to…
Activated Hepatic Nuclear Factor-κB in Experimental Colitis Regulates CYP2A5 an…
PMID: 36583631
Year: 2023
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 10.0
Systemic exposure of metronidazole is increased in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), while the underlying mechanism remains unknown. …
Metronidazole-Induced Encephalopathy in a 16-Year-Old Girl with Crohn's Disease…
PMID: 36138717
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
Metronidazole-induced encephalopathy (MIE) is a rare and unpredictable complication that is most commonly reported in adults. Here, we present the ca…
Reversible optic neuropathy secondary to metronidazole
PMID: 33334752
Year: 2020
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole antibiotic used in treating anaerobic bacteria and protozoal infections. It was first licensed for the treatment of…
[Non-severe Clostridioides difficile Infection: Are the data adequate to give u…
PMID: 32785914
Year: 2020
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) are typical antibiotic therapy associated complications. Notwithstanding the fact that the clinical picture…
Low-Dose Metronidazole is Associated With a Decreased Rate of Endoscopic Recurr…
PMID: 30809655
Year: 2019
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Recurrence of Crohn's disease after surgical resection and primary anastomosis is an important clinical challenge. Previous stud…
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Recurrent NAP1/B1/027 Clostridium Difficile…
PMID: 30044904
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
Most of the studies showed that IBD patients inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with CDI have more of the whole range of short- and long-term worst ou…
Azithromycin and metronidazole versus metronidazole-based therapy for the induc…
PMID: 29420227
Year: 2019
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
OBJECTIVE: Crohn's disease (CD) pathogenesis associated with dysbiosis and presence of pathobionts in the lumen, intracellular compartments and epith…
Development of Metronidazole-Loaded Colon-Targeted Microparticulate Drug Delive…
PMID: 26994887
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the main autoimmune inflammatory bowel diseases. Metronidazole is the most commonly used drug …
Use of topical metronidazole in the treatment of anorectal Crohn's disease
PMID: 24459783
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
Anorectal Crohn's disease is one of the most problematic and debilitating forms of Crohn's disease. Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel d…
Vulvoperineal Crohn's disease responsive to metronidazole
PMID: 24346884
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
Crohn's disease is a multisystem chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract. In the majority of the…
Addition of metronidazole to azathioprine for the prevention of postoperative r…
PMID: 23689809
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
BACKGROUND: Endoscopic recurrence occurs in up to 80% of patients with Crohn's disease 1 year after intestinal resection. Imidazole antibiotics, thio…
Combined azithromycin and metronidazole therapy is effective in inducing remiss…
PMID: 21575885
Year: 2011
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by an aberrant response to the gut microbiota. We aimed to assess whether azithromycin based therap…
Vulvoperineal Crohn's disease: response to metronidazole
PMID: 21137614
Year: 2010
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 10.0
A 46-year-old woman with a medical history of chronic juvenile arthritis with bilateral prosthetic hips presented with vulvoperineal ulcerations of 3…
A decade of real-world clinical experience with 8-week azithromycin-metronidazo…
PMID: 39648957
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 8.5
Metronidazole-Induced Encephalopathy With Probable Crohn Encephalitis: A Case R…
PMID: 38743605
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 8.5
Metronidazole overexposure in children and its association with new-onset Crohn…
PMID: 38415084
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 8.5
Metronidazole or Rifaximin for Treatment of Clostridium difficile in Pediatric …
PMID: 29084080
Year: 2017
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 8.3
The association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gut microbes has been widely investigated. Our previous study demonstrated that Lactoba…
Doxycycline, metronidazole and isotretinoin: Do they modify microRNA/mRNA expre…
PMID: 27853192
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Adverse Effect
Score: 8.3
Comment in J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2016 Nov;63(5):451-452. OBJECTIVE: Transition readiness assessment has focused attention on adolescent …
Rifaximin is an effective alternative to metronidazole for the treatment of chr…
PMID: 27716258
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 8.3
Midkine is a multifunctional cytokine and growth factor displaying proinflammatory and pro-tumorigenic activity. Its association with bowel disease…