| Drug ID: | Drug34 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Pentoxifylline |
| CID: | 4740 |
| DrugBank ID: | DB00806 |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | approved|investigational |
| US Approved: | YES |
| Other Approved: | YES |
| Identifier: | NCT01438372 |
| Molecular Formula: | C13H18N4O3 |
| Molecular Weight: | 278.31 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | CC(=O)CCCCN1C(=O)C2=C(N=CN2C)N(C1=O)C |
| Synonyms: | pentoxifylline; 6493-05-6; Oxpentifylline; Pentoxifyllin; Pentoxyphylline; Pentoxiphyllium; Vazofirin; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)xanthine; Dimethyloxohexylxanthine; Pentoxiphyllin |
| Phase 0: | 8 |
| Phase 1: | 17 |
| Phase 2: | 70 |
| Phase 3: | 41 |
| Phase 4: | 25 |
| Description: | A methylxanthine derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. Pentoxifylline modulates immunologic activity by stimulating cytokine production. [PubChem] |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt315 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 3689 | ITGB2 | Homo sapiens (human) | None | |
| dt316 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 5142 | PDE4B | Homo sapiens (human) | None | |
| dt317 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 27115 | PDE7B | Homo sapiens (human) | Inhibitor | |
| dt318 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 2670 | GFAP | Homo sapiens (human) | None | |
| dt319 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 136 | ADORA2B | Homo sapiens (human) | 12014951 | Antagonist |
| dt320 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 5243 | ABCB1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 33775688 | [pentoxifylline co-treated with doxorubicin] results in decreased expression of ABCB1 protein|pentoxifylline results in decreased expression of ABCB1 protein |
| dt321 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 4363 | ABCC1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 33775688 | [pentoxifylline co-treated with doxorubicin] results in decreased expression of ABCC1 protein |
| dt322 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 43 | ACHE | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 11981227 | Pentoxifylline results in decreased activity of ACHE protein |
| dt323 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 59 | ACTA2 | Homo sapiens (human) | 18207697 | Pentoxifylline promotes the reaction [carbon tetrachloride results in increased expression of ACTA2 mrna] |
| dt324 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 59 | ACTA2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 14996430 | Pentoxifylline results in decreased expression of ACTA2 protein |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05575505 | Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors, Pentoxifylline, as Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis. | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Tanta University | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Pentoxifylline 400 MG | Details |
| NCT05558761 | Pentoxifylline as Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Tanta University | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Pentoxifylline 400 MG | Details |
| NCT02953275 | Synergistic Effect of Vedolizumab and Pentoxifylline in the Management of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease | EARLY_PHASE1 | Not recruiting | University of Miami | Crohn Disease | Drug: vedolizumab;Drug: Pentoxifylline;Drug: plac… | Details |
| NCT04857112 | Study Evaluating Efficacy and Safety of Amiselimod (MT-1303) in Mild to Moderate Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Bausch Health Americas, Inc. | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Low Dose MT-1303|DRUG: High Dose MT-1303|DR… | Details |
| NCT02447302 | Safety and Efficacy of Etrasimod (APD334) in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Arena Pharmaceuticals | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Etrasimod|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| NCT02762500 | An Efficacy and Safety Study of LYC-30937-EC in Subjects With Active Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Lycera Corp. | Colitis, Ulcerative | DRUG: LYC-30937-EC|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| NCT04677179 | A Study of LY3471851 in Adult Participants With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis (UC) | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Nektar Therapeutics | Colitis, Ulcerative | DRUG: LY3471851|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| NCT03849599 | A Study to Evaluate the Safety of PRV-300 in Adult Subjects With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Provention Bio, Inc. | Ulcerative Colitis | BIOLOGICAL: PRV-300|BIOLOGICAL: Placebo | Details |
| NCT02611830 | Efficacy and Safety of Vedolizumab Subcutaneously (SC) as Maintenance Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Takeda | Colitis, Ulcerative | DRUG: Vedolizumab 300 mg IV|DRUG: Placebo IV|DRUG… | Details |
| NCT05807971 | Assessment of Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of ATH-063 in Healthy Subjects | PHASE1 | COMPLETED | Athos Therapeutics Inc | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Crohn Disease|Ulcerat… | DRUG: ATH-063|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| NCT02039505 | Phase III Study of MLN0002 (300 mg) in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE3 | COMPLETED | Takeda | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Vedolizumab|DRUG: Vedolizumab placebo | Details |
| NCT05076175 | A Study Investigating Oral Ozanimod (RPC1063) in Pediatric Participants With Moderate to Severe Active Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2|PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Bristol-Myers Squibb | Colitis, Ulcerative | DRUG: Ozanimod | Details |
| NCT06636656 | A Study to Test Whether BI 3032950 Helps People With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Boehringer Ingelheim | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: BI 3032950 intravenous (Part A)|DRUG: BI 30… | Details |
| NCT04996797 | A Phase 2 Safety and Efficacy Study of Tulisokibart (MK-7240/PRA023) in Subjects With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis (MK-7240-005) | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Prometheus Biosciences, Inc., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc. (Rahway, New Jersey USA) | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Tulisokibart|DEVICE: Companion Diagnostic (… | Details |
| NCT01959282 | A Study of Safety and Effectiveness of JNJ-54781532 in Patients With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Janssen Research & Development, LLC | Colitis, Ulcerative | DRUG: Placebo|DRUG: JNJ-54781532 25 mg once daily… | Details |
| NCT06381518 | Switching From Intravenous to Subcutaneous Infliximab in Adult Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease | None | ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION | Zuyderland Medisch Centrum | IBD|Infliximab|Crohn Disease|Ulcerative Colitis | OTHER: Switch to SC CT-P13. | Details |
| NCT00628433 | Safety and Pharmacokinetics Study of HE3286 in Patients With Active, Mild-to-Moderate Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE1|PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Harbor Therapeutics | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Placebo|DRUG: HE3286 | Details |
| NCT01877577 | Supplementation of Vitamin D3 in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Hypovitaminosis D | None | COMPLETED | University of California, San Francisco | Crohn's Disease (CD)|Ulcerative Colitis (UC) | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Vitamin D3 | Details |
| NCT00317356 | A Dose-finding Study of OPC-6535 in Patients With Active Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | TERMINATED | Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Colitis, Ulcerative | DRUG: OPC-6535(Tetomilast) | Details |
| NCT05019742 | Evaluation of SPH3127 in Patients With Mild-to-Moderate Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Shanghai Pharma Biotherapeutics USA Inc. | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: SPH3127|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No data available | ||||||
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S07 | Blockade of cytokine | Cytokine signalling | apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab | Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … | Details |
Pentoxifylline in patients with ulcerative colitis treated with mesalamine by m…
PMID: 39192162
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that lasts a long time and has a variety of causes. AIM: The primary aim o…
Therapeutic Potential of the Combination of Pentoxifylline and Vitamin-E in Inf…
PMID: 36012952
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Although intestinal fibrosis is a consequence of recurrent inflammation in Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), alleviating inflammation alo…
Combining Pentoxifylline With Vedolizumab for Crohn's Disease: Results of a Ran…
PMID: 35642747
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The efficacy of current biologics may be limited by targeting only one pathway. Pentoxifylline [PTX] interferes with tumour necr…
A Potential Role of Ethosuximide and Pentoxifylline in Relieving Abdominal Pain…
PMID: 35221706
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is defined as an association of chronic abdominal pain with bowel habit abnormalities, without…
Randomised single centre double-blind placebo controlled phase II trial of Toco…
PMID: 35093409
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Preclinical data suggest that combined gamma-tocotrienol with pentoxifylline ameliorates radiotherapy-induced gastrointestinal damage. AI…
Pentoxifylline, a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, in adjunctive thera…
PMID: 34775240
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal condition marked by chronic bowel pain or discomfort, as well as changes …
Colo-Protective Effects of Pentoxifylline Alone or in Combination With Mesalami…
PMID: 40387460
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 6.5
Ulcerative colitis and pyoderma gangrenosum refractory to treatment successfull…
PMID: 38333294
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.5
Inhibitory effects of pentoxifylline on inflammation-related tumorigenesis in r…
PMID: 30338039
Year: 2018
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.3
Biological agents have proven clinical efficacy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Their adverse effects have also been studied in a subst…