| Drug ID: | Drug34 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Pentoxifylline |
| CID: | 4740 |
| DrugBank ID: | DB00806 |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | approved|investigational |
| US Approved: | YES |
| Other Approved: | YES |
| Identifier: | NCT01438372 |
| Molecular Formula: | C13H18N4O3 |
| Molecular Weight: | 278.31 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | CC(=O)CCCCN1C(=O)C2=C(N=CN2C)N(C1=O)C |
| Synonyms: | pentoxifylline; 6493-05-6; Oxpentifylline; Pentoxifyllin; Pentoxyphylline; Pentoxiphyllium; Vazofirin; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)xanthine; Dimethyloxohexylxanthine; Pentoxiphyllin |
| Phase 0: | 8 |
| Phase 1: | 17 |
| Phase 2: | 70 |
| Phase 3: | 41 |
| Phase 4: | 25 |
| Description: | A methylxanthine derivative that inhibits phosphodiesterase and affects blood rheology. It improves blood flow by increasing erythrocyte and leukocyte flexibility. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. Pentoxifylline modulates immunologic activity by stimulating cytokine production. [PubChem] |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt315 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 3689 | ITGB2 | Homo sapiens (human) | None | |
| dt316 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 5142 | PDE4B | Homo sapiens (human) | None | |
| dt317 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 27115 | PDE7B | Homo sapiens (human) | Inhibitor | |
| dt318 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 2670 | GFAP | Homo sapiens (human) | None | |
| dt319 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 136 | ADORA2B | Homo sapiens (human) | 12014951 | Antagonist |
| dt320 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 5243 | ABCB1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 33775688 | [pentoxifylline co-treated with doxorubicin] results in decreased expression of ABCB1 protein|pentoxifylline results in decreased expression of ABCB1 protein |
| dt321 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 4363 | ABCC1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 33775688 | [pentoxifylline co-treated with doxorubicin] results in decreased expression of ABCC1 protein |
| dt322 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 43 | ACHE | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 11981227 | Pentoxifylline results in decreased activity of ACHE protein |
| dt323 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 59 | ACTA2 | Homo sapiens (human) | 18207697 | Pentoxifylline promotes the reaction [carbon tetrachloride results in increased expression of ACTA2 mrna] |
| dt324 | 4740 | Pentoxifylline | 59 | ACTA2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 14996430 | Pentoxifylline results in decreased expression of ACTA2 protein |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05575505 | Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors, Pentoxifylline, as Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis. | PHASE2 | RECRUITING | Tanta University | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Pentoxifylline 400 MG | Details |
| NCT05558761 | Pentoxifylline as Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Tanta University | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Pentoxifylline 400 MG | Details |
| NCT04217733 | Ethosuximide and Pentoxifylline in the Treatment of Abdominal Pain Related to Irritable Bowel Syndrome | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Tanta University | IBS - Irritable Bowel Syndrome | DRUG: pentoxyifylline|DRUG: Mebeverine|DRUG: etho… | Details |
| NCT02953275 | Synergistic Effect of Vedolizumab and Pentoxifylline | EARLY_PHASE1 | COMPLETED | University of Miami | Crohn Disease | DRUG: vedolizumab|DRUG: Pentoxifylline|DRUG: plac… | Details |
| NCT01542268 | Effect of Pentoxifylline on Tight Junctions (TJs) of Intestinal Mucosa in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome(IBS) | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Hospital Universitario de Canarias | Irritable Bowel Syndrome | DRUG: pentoxifylline|DRUG: pentoxifylline placebo | Details |
| NCT05687474 | Baby Detect : Genomic Newborn Screening | NULL | COMPLETED | Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liege | Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia|Familial Hyperinsu… | None | Details |
| NCT05666960 | R-3750 in Patients With Mild to Moderate Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE1 | RECRUITING | Rise Therapeutics LLC | Ulcerative Colitis Chronic Mild|Ulcerative Coliti… | DRUG: R-3750 | Details |
| NCT05659953 | LMT503 First-in-human SAD, MAD, and FE Study | PHASE1 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Lmito Therapeutics Inc. | Inflammatory Bowel Disease|Colitis, Ulcerative|Cr… | DRUG: LMT503|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| NCT05624801 | Cholecalciferol Comedication in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Crohn's Disease or Ulcerative Colitis) - the 5C-study | PHASE3 | Recruiting | University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland | IBD | Drug: D3 VitaCaps | Details |
| NCT05588843 | Dose-finding Study of SAR443122 in Adult Participants With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Sanofi | Colitis Ulcerative | DRUG: SAR443122|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| NCT05528510 | A Study of Guselkumab Therapy in Participants With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE3 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Janssen Research & Development, LLC | Colitis, Ulcerative | DRUG: Guselkumab Dose 1|DRUG: Guselkumab Dose 2|D… | Details |
| NCT07161297 | Remimazolam for Colonoscopy in IBD Patients | PHASE4 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Humanitas Clinical and Research Center | IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) | DRUG: Intravenous remimazolam (5 mg initially, wi… | Details |
| NCT05509777 | A Study of Mirikizumab (LY3074828) in Pediatric Participants With Crohn's Disease | PHASE3 | RECRUITING | Eli Lilly and Company | Crohn's Disease | DRUG: Mirikizumab | Details |
| NCT05507931 | Broccoli Sprouts for Mild Ulcerative Colitis | NA | COMPLETED | University of Michigan | Ulcerative Colitis|Ulcerative Colitis Chronic Mild | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: 1 Serving of broccoli sprouts… | Details |
| NCT05377580 | A Study to Evaluate IBI112 in the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Active Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | COMPLETED | Innovent Biologics (Suzhou) Co. Ltd. | Ulcerative Colitis (UC) | DRUG: Period 1 IBI112 Placebo|DRUG: Period 2 IBI1… | Details |
| NCT07149441 | Efficacy and Mechanism of FMT in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: an Open-label Randomized Controlled Study | NA | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Shanghai 10th People's Hospital | Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn&Amp;#39;s Disea… | PROCEDURE: Fecal microbiota transplantation|DRUG:… | Details |
| NCT05271838 | Protein and Magnesium in Ulcerative Colitis | NA | UNKNOWN | University of Aarhus | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Colitis, Ulcerative|M… | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Magnesium acetate mixture (30… | Details |
| NCT07132333 | Molecular Inflammation Board at the Center for Personalized Medicine | NULL | RECRUITING | University Hospital Tuebingen | Psoriasis (PsO)|Psoriasis Arthritis|Inflammatory … | BIOLOGICAL: Biologic Agent | Details |
| NCT05242484 | A Study of Combination Therapy With Guselkumab and Golimumab in Participants With Moderately to Severely Active Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Janssen Research & Development, LLC | Colitis, Ulcerative | BIOLOGICAL: Guselkumab|BIOLOGICAL: Golimumab|BIOL… | Details |
| NCT05242471 | A Study of Combination Therapy With Guselkumab and Golimumab in Participants With Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease | PHASE2 | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Janssen Research & Development, LLC | Crohn's Disease | BIOLOGICAL: Guselkumab|BIOLOGICAL: Golimumab|BIOL… | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No data available | ||||||
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S07 | Blockade of cytokine | Cytokine signalling | apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab | Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … | Details |
Pentoxifylline in patients with ulcerative colitis treated with mesalamine by m…
PMID: 39192162
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that lasts a long time and has a variety of causes. AIM: The primary aim o…
Therapeutic Potential of the Combination of Pentoxifylline and Vitamin-E in Inf…
PMID: 36012952
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Although intestinal fibrosis is a consequence of recurrent inflammation in Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), alleviating inflammation alo…
Combining Pentoxifylline With Vedolizumab for Crohn's Disease: Results of a Ran…
PMID: 35642747
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The efficacy of current biologics may be limited by targeting only one pathway. Pentoxifylline [PTX] interferes with tumour necr…
A Potential Role of Ethosuximide and Pentoxifylline in Relieving Abdominal Pain…
PMID: 35221706
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is defined as an association of chronic abdominal pain with bowel habit abnormalities, without…
Randomised single centre double-blind placebo controlled phase II trial of Toco…
PMID: 35093409
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Preclinical data suggest that combined gamma-tocotrienol with pentoxifylline ameliorates radiotherapy-induced gastrointestinal damage. AI…
Pentoxifylline, a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, in adjunctive thera…
PMID: 34775240
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal condition marked by chronic bowel pain or discomfort, as well as changes …
Colo-Protective Effects of Pentoxifylline Alone or in Combination With Mesalami…
PMID: 40387460
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 6.5
Ulcerative colitis and pyoderma gangrenosum refractory to treatment successfull…
PMID: 38333294
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.5
Inhibitory effects of pentoxifylline on inflammation-related tumorigenesis in r…
PMID: 30338039
Year: 2018
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.3
Biological agents have proven clinical efficacy in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Their adverse effects have also been studied in a subst…