Drug ID:Drug52
Drug Name:Iron
CID:23925
DrugBank ID:DB01592
Modality:Small Molecule
Groups:approved
US Approved:NO
Other Approved:YES
Identifier: NCT01017614, , NCT03441893
Molecular Formula:Fe
Molecular Weight:55.84 g/mol
Isomeric SMILES:[Fe]
Synonyms:IRON; 7439-89-6; Iron, elemental; Ferrum; Iron powder; Remko; Armco iron; Ferrovac E; Ancor B; hierro
Phase 0: 4
Phase 1: 19
Phase 2: 46
Phase 3: 81
Phase 4: 92
Description:A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia.

Molecular Structure

2D Molecular Structure

Knowledge Graph

dtIDCIDCompound NameGene IDGene NameSpeciesPubMed IDsAction
dt472 23925 Iron 3040 HBA2 Homo sapiens (human) Activator
dt473 23925 Iron 7037 TFRC Homo sapiens (human) 16564538 None
dt474 23925 Iron 54583 EGLN1 Homo sapiens (human) 16649251 None
dt475 23925 Iron 55869 HDAC8 Homo sapiens (human) 16681389 Cofactor
dt476 23925 Iron 51327 AHSP Homo sapiens (human) 16901899 None
dt477 23925 Iron 2395 FXN Homo sapiens (human) 16911956 None
dt478 23925 Iron 2495 FTH1 Homo sapiens (human) 17070541 None
dt479 23925 Iron 2237 FEN1 Homo sapiens (human) 20622253 None
dt480 23925 Iron 79661 NEIL1 Homo sapiens (human) 20622253 None
dt481 23925 Iron 252969 NEIL2 Homo sapiens (human) 20622253 None

  • No data available

Phase Distribution
Phase Description
  • Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
  • Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
  • Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
  • Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
  • Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy

Trial IDTitlePhaseStatusSponsorIndicationsInterventions
NCT06321887 EffiCacy and sAfEty of Low doSe orAl iRon for Anaemia in IBD PHASE3 RECRUITING Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Inflammatory Bowel Disease|Iron Deficiency Anemia DRUG: Ferrous fumarate syrup 2.5ml/70mg (22.5mg e… Details
NCT01438372 IV Iron Sucrose vs Oral FeSO4 in Treating IDA in Pediatric IBD PHASE2 WITHDRAWN Wayne State University Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Disease DRUG: Intravenous iron sucrose|DRUG: Oral ferrous… Details
NCT02774057 Trial of Captafer vs. Oral Iron Sulfate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With IBD PHASE4 UNKNOWN American University of Beirut Medical Center Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Disease DRUG: Captafer|DRUG: Iron Sulfate Details
NCT02760940 Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease PHASE4 UNKNOWN Federal University of Juiz de Fora Anemia|Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory DRUG: oral liposomal iron Details
NCT03376230 Role of the Chemical Environment in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease None TERMINATED University Hospital, Lille Inflammatory Bowel Diseases OTHER: Collect of blood, urines, and intestinal b… Details
NCT03457571 Clinical Observational Study: IBD Patients With Restless-legs-syndrome and Iron Deficiency Syndrome None COMPLETED Charite University, Berlin, Germany Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Restless Legs Syndrom… None Details
NCT00810030 FERINJECT for Correction of Anaemia in IBD Patients, FER-IBD-COR PHASE3 COMPLETED Vifor Pharma Inflammatory Bowel Disease|Anemia|Iron Deficiency… DRUG: Ferric carboxymaltose|DRUG: Iron Sucrose Details
NCT06120322 Machine Learning Approach to Study the Interactions Between Environment and Intestinal Tissue Homeostasis in IBD None NOT_YET_RECRUITING IRCCS San Raffaele Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Ulcerative Colitis OTHER: Environmental factor monitoring; collectio… Details
NCT05225545 Sucrosomial Iron vs. Oral Iron Sulfate for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis PHASE3 RECRUITING American University of Beirut Medical Center Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Ulcerative Colitis DRUG: Sucrosomial Iron|DRUG: Oral Iron Details
NCT03282903 The PRognostic Effect of Environmental Factors in Crohn's and Colitis None COMPLETED University of Edinburgh Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Crohn Disease|Ulcerat… None Details
NCT03247816 Feraccru Real World Effectiveness Study in Hospital Practice ( FRESH ) None COMPLETED Shield Therapeutics Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… None Details
NCT01017614 Iron Oligosaccharide in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subjects With Iron Deficiency Anaemia PHASE3 COMPLETED Pharmacosmos A/S Inflammatory Bowel Disease DRUG: Monofer; DRUG: Iron Sulphate Details
NCT05176795 Host-microbiota-environment Interactions Not Available RECRUITING University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis; Diabetes type1; In… OTHER: Stool sample Details
ChiCTR2500100314 Analysis of iron-related indexes and disease association in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Not Available Not Recruiting Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Inflammatory bowel disease IBD patients:None; Details
DRKS00034606 CEDATA GPGE Patient Registry - Registry for chronic inflammatory bowel diseases in children and adolescents - CEDATA Not Available Recruiting Gesellschaft f Piatrische Gastroenterologie und Ernrung e. V. Inflammatory Bowel Disease K50-K52;Noninfective … Group 1: Health Care Data is entered into an onli… Details
NCT02517151 Iron Supplementation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Patients With Chronic Fatigue PHASE2 UNKNOWN Istituto Clinico Humanitas Chronic Fatigue|Inflammatory Bowel Disease DRUG: Ferric carboxymaltose|DRUG: Placebo Details
ACTRN12624000016538 Longitudinal study of diet, lifestyle and biomarker predictors of pouchitis Not Available Not Recruiting Monash University Inflammatory bowel disease;familial adenomatous p… We will be following individuals with an ileoanal… Details
ChiCTR2200066959 Study on the effect of iron supplementation on the efficacy of anti-TNF-a monoclonal antibody in patients with IBD Not Available Not Recruiting Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Inflammatory bowel disease Intervention group :iron isomaltoside;Control gro… Details
ChiCTR2200066056 A comparative study of iron isomaltoside versus traditional iron supplements in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and iron deficiency anemia Not Available Not Recruiting Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Inflammatory bowel disease Intervention group:iron isomaltoside;Control grou… Details
EUCTR2022-000894-16-NL Predicting Response to Iron Supplementation in Patients with active Inflammatory Bowel Disease_ - PRIme PHASE4 Not Recruiting Leiden University Medical Center Inflammatory Bowel Disease MedDRA version: 20.0_… Trade Name: Feraccru Pharmaceutical Form: Capsule… Details

Disease IDDisease NameDefinitionCategoryRelated DrugsMechanism
1.0 Crohn's disease An intestinal disease that involves inflammation located_in intestine. disease of anatomical entity gastrointestinal system disease, intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease Obiltoxaximab; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Sulfasalazine; Ursodeoxycholic acid; Pegunigalsidase alfa; Imiglucerase; Bictegravir; Taliglucerase alfa; Etelcalcetide; Cimetidine; Desonide Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory diseas… Details
2.0 ulcerative colitis A colitis that is predominantly confined to the mucosa located_in colon and includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. disease of anatomical entity, gastrointestinal system disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract; intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis; disease, primary immunodeficiency disease, autoimmune disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract Mirikizumab; Olsalazine; Balsalazide; Sulfasalazine; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Tixocortol; Kappadione; Teicoplanin; Atezolizumab; Gamolenic acid; Upadacitinib No abstract available Details

Strategy IDTherapeutic StrategySynonymsRelated DrugsMechanism
S01 Anti-inflammatory inflammatory 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs); corticosteroids Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main com… Details
S02 Immunosuppression Classic immunosuppressive drugs azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; methotrexate; ciclosporin-A; tacrolimus Ciclosporin-A and tacrolimus bind to specific intracellular… Details
S03 Anti-TNF agents Tumor necrosis factor infliximab; adalimumab; golimumab; certolizumab pegol TNF is produced by various immune and non-immune cells in t… Details
S04 T-cell homing and retention T-cell trafficking vedolizumab; anti-MAdCAM1 antibodies ; etrolizumab Inhibition of the interaction between α4β7 integrins on T c… Details
S07 Blockade of cytokine Cytokine signalling apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … Details
S08 Strengthening barrier function Modulation of barrier function phosphatidylcholine (lecithin); imiquimod; mongersen Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negat… Details
S11 Improveming Intestinal Microecology the intestinal microbiota antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; postbiotics; synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) The imbalance between beneficial bacteria and harmful patho… Details

Diagnostic utility of low hemoglobin density to detect iron deficiency in patie…

PMID: 34276191
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are highly debilitating. IBDs are associated with the imbalance of …

Impact of treatment of iron deficiency anemia in inflammatory bowel disease: co…

PMID: 34255451
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Comment on Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2020 Aug 20;26(9):1415-1420. Intestinal microbiota transplantation (IMT) is an effective therapy for recurrent Cl…

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Macrophage Crosstalk and Maintenance of Inflammatory Micr…

PMID: 34249933
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.5

Not found

Real-world evaluation of an intravenous iron service for the treatment of iron …

PMID: 34249310
Year: 2020
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

BACKGROUND: This study was to investigate the cytokines and phenotype of macrophages pre-treated with class A1 scavenger receptor (SR-A1) antibody i…

CD3(+), CD8(+), CD4(+) and FOXP3(+) T Cells in the Immune Microenvironment of S…

PMID: 34208144
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.5

The role of inflammation in neuroendocrine tumors is poorly known. The purpose of this study was to characterize the densities of CD3(+), CD8(+), CD4…

[Hepcidin: An iron hand in mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel diseases]

PMID: 34180813
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.5

Evaluation of the Cost-Effectiveness of Iron Formulations for the Treatment of …

PMID: 34168471
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Phellinus baumii is used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gastroenteritis. In this study, a 46 kDa heteropolysaccharide SHPS-1 was iso…

Genetic differentiation and restricted gene flow in rice landraces from Yunnan,…

PMID: 34131824
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with a complex aetiology that commonly recurs. Most drugs for UC treatment int…

UK IBD Twin Registry: Concordance and Environmental Risk Factors of Twins with …

PMID: 34097167
Year: 2022
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing-remitting systemic disease of the gastrointestinal tract. It is well established that the gu…

Sucrosomial Iron Supplementation for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in…

PMID: 34067320
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We aimed to identify biomarkers that might be used to predict responses of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) to ved…

Molecular and Histological Profiling Reveals an Innate-Shaped Immune Microenvir…

PMID: 34060497
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of colorectal cancer, and it has the potential to diminish the quality of life. Recent clinical …

Hypophosphatemia after high-dose intravenous iron treatment in patients with in…

PMID: 34007138
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Dapagliflozin, a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, has featured marked anti-inflammatory effects in murine models of myoc…

Early Life Greenspace and the Risk of Pediatric-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Diseas…

PMID: 33865842
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.5

Influence of the microenvironment on modulation of the host response by typhoid…

PMID: 33826883
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

BACKGROUND: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), one of the phagocytic system defects, is the primary immunodeficiency caused by dysfunction of the …

Dietary Intake of Endocrine Disrupting Substances Presents in Environment and T…

PMID: 33800806
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.5

As part of the development of the TUMMY-UC, a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure for pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC), we aimed to explore agre…

Agonist that activates the µ-opioid receptor in acidified microenvironments inh…

PMID: 33785555
Year: 2022
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

BACKGROUND: While anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) therapy has been proven effective in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), approximately 40% …

Iron deficiency anemia in IBD: an overlooked comorbidity

PMID: 33691543
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.5

Background: The role of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been recently suggested. The aim of this …

Zinc Protoporphyrin Is a Reliable Marker of Functional Iron Deficiency in Patie…

PMID: 33670067
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic lifelong disease characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Although more and more t…

Ferric maltol Real-world Effectiveness Study in Hospital practice (FRESH): clin…

PMID: 33622683
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

Comment in Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2022 May 4;28(5):e59-e60. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2022 May 4;28(5):e61. BACKGROUND: Infliximab and adalimumab conce…

The Augmented Classical Twin Design: Incorporating Genome-Wide Identity by Desc…

PMID: 33582897
Year: 2021
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.5

BACKGROUND AND AIM: While the advent of biologic therapy has led to improved outcomes in perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease (pfCD), loss of respon…

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