| Drug ID: | Drug52 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Iron |
| CID: | 23925 |
| DrugBank ID: | DB01592 |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | approved |
| US Approved: | NO |
| Other Approved: | YES |
| Identifier: | NCT01017614, , NCT03441893 |
| Molecular Formula: | Fe |
| Molecular Weight: | 55.84 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | [Fe] |
| Synonyms: | IRON; 7439-89-6; Iron, elemental; Ferrum; Iron powder; Remko; Armco iron; Ferrovac E; Ancor B; hierro |
| Phase 0: | 4 |
| Phase 1: | 19 |
| Phase 2: | 46 |
| Phase 3: | 81 |
| Phase 4: | 92 |
| Description: | A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia. |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt472 | 23925 | Iron | 3040 | HBA2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Activator | |
| dt473 | 23925 | Iron | 7037 | TFRC | Homo sapiens (human) | 16564538 | None |
| dt474 | 23925 | Iron | 54583 | EGLN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16649251 | None |
| dt475 | 23925 | Iron | 55869 | HDAC8 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16681389 | Cofactor |
| dt476 | 23925 | Iron | 51327 | AHSP | Homo sapiens (human) | 16901899 | None |
| dt477 | 23925 | Iron | 2395 | FXN | Homo sapiens (human) | 16911956 | None |
| dt478 | 23925 | Iron | 2495 | FTH1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 17070541 | None |
| dt479 | 23925 | Iron | 2237 | FEN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt480 | 23925 | Iron | 79661 | NEIL1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt481 | 23925 | Iron | 252969 | NEIL2 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05581420 | Oral Versus Intravenous Iron in IBD Patients With Anti-inflammatory Therapy. | NA | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Ferrous fumarate|DRUG: MonoFer | Details |
| NCT05456932 | Predicting Response to Iron Supplementation in Patients With Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Iron-deficiency|Iron … | DRUG: Intravenous iron|DRUG: Ferric maltol|DRUG: … | Details |
| NCT07141238 | Microplastic Analysis in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | Medical University of Gdansk | Crohn Disease|Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | OTHER: Environmental microplastic exposure | Details |
| NCT05225545 | Sucrosomial Iron vs. Oral Iron Sulfate for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Sucrosomial Iron|DRUG: Oral Iron | Details |
| NCT05176795 | Host-microbiota-environment Interactions | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand | Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis|Diabetes type1|Infl… | OTHER: Stool sample | Details |
| NCT04960826 | Study of an Environmental Risk Factor in Crohn's Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | None | Details |
| NCT04587141 | Clinical Burden of Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Therapeutic Trial | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Sucrosomial iron|DRUG: Ferric Gluconate|DRU… | Details |
| NCT04565821 | Feasibility Study to Assess a Trans-nasal Intestinal Potential Difference Probe | NA | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Massachusetts General Hospital | Inflammatory Disease|Permeability; Increased|Croh… | DEVICE: IPD Probe via TNIT | Details |
| NCT04318405 | Real Life Study on Iron Isomaltoside 1000 in the Treatment of ID in CKD, Heart Failure, ObGyn, IBD, Cancer and Elective Surgery (Real-CHOICE). | NULL | COMPLETED | Pierre Fabre Pharma AG | Iron-Deficiency Anemia|Iron-Deficiency | DRUG: Iron isomaltoside 1000 | Details |
| NCT07380022 | Acceptability, Adherence, and Impact on the Bioavailability of Iron and Zinc of the Dietary Supplements Goodphyte IB Defense and Goodphyte Immunity in Adults With Chronic Diseases. | NA | RECRUITING | University of Thessaly | IBD|Hypertension (HTN)|Multiple Sclerosis|Anemia|… | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Dietary supplement interventi… | Details |
| NCT04123990 | Study of the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NA | UNKNOWN | VIFORFRANCE | Intestinal Disease | DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Iron status testing | Details |
| NCT03872622 | Intestinal Response Patterns to Microbial Signals | NA | COMPLETED | Sheba Medical Center | CD - Crohn's Disease | OTHER: Blood tests, intestinal biopsies, stool sa… | Details |
| NCT03466983 | A Trial Comparing the Incidence of Hypophosphatemia in Relation to Treatment With Iron Isomaltoside and Ferric Carboxymaltose in Subjects With Iron Deficiency Anaemia Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Pharmacosmos A/S | IBD | DRUG: Iron Isomaltoside|DRUG: Ferric Carboxymalto… | Details |
| NCT03457571 | Clinical Observational Study: IBD Patients With Restless-legs-syndrome and Iron Deficiency Syndrome | NULL | COMPLETED | Charite University, Berlin, Germany | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Restless Legs Syndrom… | None | Details |
| NCT03376230 | Role of the Chemical Environment in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | OTHER: Collect of blood, urines, and intestinal b… | Details |
| NCT03282903 | The PRognostic Effect of Environmental Factors in Crohn's and Colitis | NULL | COMPLETED | University of Edinburgh | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Crohn Disease|Ulcerat… | None | Details |
| NCT03247816 | Feraccru® Real World Effectiveness Study in Hospital Practice ( FRESH ) | NULL | COMPLETED | Shield Therapeutics | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | None | Details |
| NCT03136419 | Microbiota and Immune microEnvironment in Pouchitis | NA | UNKNOWN | University of Padova | Pouchitis|Ulcerative Colitis|Ileal Pouch | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Lactobacillus casei DG|DIETAR… | Details |
| NCT02965209 | European Novel Motorized Spiral Endoscopy Trial | NA | COMPLETED | Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf | Disorder of Small Intestine|Gastrointestinal Hemo… | PROCEDURE: motorized spiral enteroscopy | Details |
| NCT02774057 | Trial of Captafer® vs. Oral Iron Sulfate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With IBD | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Disease | DRUG: Captafer®|DRUG: Iron Sulfate | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | Crohn's disease | An intestinal disease that involves inflammation located_in intestine. | disease of anatomical entity gastrointestinal system disease, intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease | Obiltoxaximab; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Sulfasalazine; Ursodeoxycholic acid; Pegunigalsidase alfa; Imiglucerase; Bictegravir; Taliglucerase alfa; Etelcalcetide; Cimetidine; Desonide | Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory diseas… | Details |
| 2.0 | ulcerative colitis | A colitis that is predominantly confined to the mucosa located_in colon and includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. | disease of anatomical entity, gastrointestinal system disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract; intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis; disease, primary immunodeficiency disease, autoimmune disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract | Mirikizumab; Olsalazine; Balsalazide; Sulfasalazine; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Tixocortol; Kappadione; Teicoplanin; Atezolizumab; Gamolenic acid; Upadacitinib | No abstract available | Details |
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Anti-inflammatory | inflammatory | 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs); corticosteroids | Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main com… | Details |
| S02 | Immunosuppression | Classic immunosuppressive drugs | azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; methotrexate; ciclosporin-A; tacrolimus | Ciclosporin-A and tacrolimus bind to specific intracellular… | Details |
| S03 | Anti-TNF agents | Tumor necrosis factor | infliximab; adalimumab; golimumab; certolizumab pegol | TNF is produced by various immune and non-immune cells in t… | Details |
| S04 | T-cell homing and retention | T-cell trafficking | vedolizumab; anti-MAdCAM1 antibodies ; etrolizumab | Inhibition of the interaction between α4β7 integrins on T c… | Details |
| S07 | Blockade of cytokine | Cytokine signalling | apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab | Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … | Details |
| S08 | Strengthening barrier function | Modulation of barrier function | phosphatidylcholine (lecithin); imiquimod; mongersen | Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negat… | Details |
| S11 | Improveming Intestinal Microecology | the intestinal microbiota | antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; postbiotics; synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) | The imbalance between beneficial bacteria and harmful patho… | Details |
Iron-lead mixed exposure causes bone damage in mice: A multi-omics analysis
PMID: 40037083
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.5
Excessive intake of essential and toxic metals affects the pathological process of osteoporosis. At present, the effects of single forms of iron (Fe)…
Telehealth-An Environmentally Friendly Way to Take Care of Patients with Inflam…
PMID: 40005450
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Background and Objectives: On 11 March 2020, our hospital adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic by becoming a temporary COVID-19 facility, leading to the …
Dietary Iron Alleviates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Intestinal Injury by Reg…
PMID: 39998602
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.5
Iron deficiency is the most common comorbidity of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the effect of iron supplementation on the repair processes of…
Phase-dependent iron depletion differentially regulates the niche of intestinal…
PMID: 39949764
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
INTRODUCTION: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a global gastrointestinal disease, which is mainly caused by both dysfunctional epithelial barrier and infla…
Berberine disrupts the high-affinity iron transport system to reverse the fluco…
PMID: 39929396
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Invasive fungal infection is usually caused by Candida albicans infection, which has a high incidence rate and mortality in critically ill patients. …
The Role of Environmental Factors Prior to Diagnosis on the Activity and Severi…
PMID: 39878314
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: The influence of environmental factors on the severity of early inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and C…
Differential pathological changes in colon microenvironments in acute and chron…
PMID: 39839656
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting from an abnormal immune resp…
Safety and Efficacy of Ferric Carboxymaltose for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infl…
PMID: 39835061
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, two types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), often cause anemia, primarily due to iron deficiency and chron…
Peripheral blood immune cells from individuals with Parkinson's disease or infl…
PMID: 39805368
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.5
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a multisystem disorder in which dysregulated neuroimmune crosstalk and inflammatory relay via the gut-blood-brain axis ha…
Iron deficiency and fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review
PMID: 39804874
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: It is unclear what impact iron deficiency has on fatigue in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This systematic review examined…
Accelerating repair of infected bone defects through post-reinforced injectable…
PMID: 39779005
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.5
Functional injectable hydrogel (IH) is promising for infected bone defects (IBDs) repair, but how to endow it with desired antibacterial/immunoregula…
Programmable Food-Derived Peptide Coassembly Strategies for Boosting Targeted C…
PMID: 39745599
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Orally targeting nanostrategies of multiple nutraceuticals have attracted increasing attention in ulcerative colitis (UC) therapy for superior patien…
Resistant starch grafted cerium-sulfasalazine infinite coordination polymers sy…
PMID: 39707422
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal disease which is closely related with the overproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), …
Evaluating the cost-utility of ferric derisomaltose versus ferric carboxymaltos…
PMID: 39704663
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
AIMS: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is among the most common extraintestinal sequelae of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Intravenous iron is often t…
Iron and Inflammatory Cytokines Synergistically Induce Colonic Epithelial Cell …
PMID: 39586593
Year: 2025
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disease that occurs to the intestinal tract. Many patients with IBD often develop anemia and ofte…
Environmental triggers and future risk of developing autoimmune diseases: Molec…
PMID: 39550874
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.5
Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical compound in plastics and resins, widely exist in people's production and life which have great potential to damage huma…
Comparing Environmental Risk Factors at Diagnosis in Faroese and Danish Patient…
PMID: 39543023
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Faroe Islands have increased drastically during the past 60 years…
Genotype Performance Estimation in Targeted Production Environments by Using Sp…
PMID: 39519975
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
In plant breeding, Multi-Environment Trials (METs) evaluate candidate genotypes across various conditions, which is financially costly due to extensi…
Heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment cell groups in inflammatory and adenoma…
PMID: 39430845
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: The prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is known to vary across different etiologies. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often identifi…
Determining the expression of vitamin D receptor, regulator of iron metabolism …
PMID: 39415526
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) frequently experience malnutrition and develop nutrients deficiencies such as vitamin D or iron. Coll…