Drug ID:Drug52
Drug Name:Iron
CID:23925
DrugBank ID:DB01592
Modality:Small Molecule
Groups:approved
US Approved:NO
Other Approved:YES
Identifier: NCT01017614, , NCT03441893
Molecular Formula:Fe
Molecular Weight:55.84 g/mol
Isomeric SMILES:[Fe]
Synonyms:IRON; 7439-89-6; Iron, elemental; Ferrum; Iron powder; Remko; Armco iron; Ferrovac E; Ancor B; hierro
Phase 0: 4
Phase 1: 19
Phase 2: 46
Phase 3: 81
Phase 4: 92
Description:A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia.

Molecular Structure

2D Molecular Structure

Knowledge Graph

dtIDCIDCompound NameGene IDGene NameSpeciesPubMed IDsAction
dt472 23925 Iron 3040 HBA2 Homo sapiens (human) Activator
dt473 23925 Iron 7037 TFRC Homo sapiens (human) 16564538 None
dt474 23925 Iron 54583 EGLN1 Homo sapiens (human) 16649251 None
dt475 23925 Iron 55869 HDAC8 Homo sapiens (human) 16681389 Cofactor
dt476 23925 Iron 51327 AHSP Homo sapiens (human) 16901899 None
dt477 23925 Iron 2395 FXN Homo sapiens (human) 16911956 None
dt478 23925 Iron 2495 FTH1 Homo sapiens (human) 17070541 None
dt479 23925 Iron 2237 FEN1 Homo sapiens (human) 20622253 None
dt480 23925 Iron 79661 NEIL1 Homo sapiens (human) 20622253 None
dt481 23925 Iron 252969 NEIL2 Homo sapiens (human) 20622253 None

  • No data available

Phase Distribution
Phase Description
  • Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
  • Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
  • Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
  • Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
  • Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy

Trial IDTitlePhaseStatusSponsorIndicationsInterventions
NCT05581420 Oral Versus Intravenous Iron in IBD Patients With Anti-inflammatory Therapy. NA UNKNOWN Leiden University Medical Center Inflammatory Bowel Diseases DRUG: Ferrous fumarate|DRUG: MonoFer Details
NCT05456932 Predicting Response to Iron Supplementation in Patients With Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease PHASE4 UNKNOWN Leiden University Medical Center Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Iron-deficiency|Iron … DRUG: Intravenous iron|DRUG: Ferric maltol|DRUG: … Details
NCT07141238 Microplastic Analysis in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease NULL RECRUITING Medical University of Gdansk Crohn Disease|Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… OTHER: Environmental microplastic exposure Details
NCT05225545 Sucrosomial Iron vs. Oral Iron Sulfate for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis PHASE3 UNKNOWN American University of Beirut Medical Center Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Ulcerative Colitis DRUG: Sucrosomial Iron|DRUG: Oral Iron Details
NCT05176795 Host-microbiota-environment Interactions NULL TERMINATED University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis|Diabetes type1|Infl… OTHER: Stool sample Details
NCT04960826 Study of an Environmental Risk Factor in Crohn's Disease NULL RECRUITING University Hospital, Lille Inflammatory Bowel Diseases None Details
NCT04587141 Clinical Burden of Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Therapeutic Trial PHASE3 UNKNOWN Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Diseases DRUG: Sucrosomial iron|DRUG: Ferric Gluconate|DRU… Details
NCT04565821 Feasibility Study to Assess a Trans-nasal Intestinal Potential Difference Probe NA ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING Massachusetts General Hospital Inflammatory Disease|Permeability; Increased|Croh… DEVICE: IPD Probe via TNIT Details
NCT04318405 Real Life Study on Iron Isomaltoside 1000 in the Treatment of ID in CKD, Heart Failure, ObGyn, IBD, Cancer and Elective Surgery (Real-CHOICE). NULL COMPLETED Pierre Fabre Pharma AG Iron-Deficiency Anemia|Iron-Deficiency DRUG: Iron isomaltoside 1000 Details
NCT07380022 Acceptability, Adherence, and Impact on the Bioavailability of Iron and Zinc of the Dietary Supplements Goodphyte IB Defense and Goodphyte Immunity in Adults With Chronic Diseases. NA RECRUITING University of Thessaly IBD|Hypertension (HTN)|Multiple Sclerosis|Anemia|… DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Dietary supplement interventi… Details
NCT04123990 Study of the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease NA UNKNOWN VIFORFRANCE Intestinal Disease DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Iron status testing Details
NCT03872622 Intestinal Response Patterns to Microbial Signals NA COMPLETED Sheba Medical Center CD - Crohn's Disease OTHER: Blood tests, intestinal biopsies, stool sa… Details
NCT03466983 A Trial Comparing the Incidence of Hypophosphatemia in Relation to Treatment With Iron Isomaltoside and Ferric Carboxymaltose in Subjects With Iron Deficiency Anaemia Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease PHASE4 COMPLETED Pharmacosmos A/S IBD DRUG: Iron Isomaltoside|DRUG: Ferric Carboxymalto… Details
NCT03457571 Clinical Observational Study: IBD Patients With Restless-legs-syndrome and Iron Deficiency Syndrome NULL COMPLETED Charite University, Berlin, Germany Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Restless Legs Syndrom… None Details
NCT03376230 Role of the Chemical Environment in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease NULL TERMINATED University Hospital, Lille Inflammatory Bowel Diseases OTHER: Collect of blood, urines, and intestinal b… Details
NCT03282903 The PRognostic Effect of Environmental Factors in Crohn's and Colitis NULL COMPLETED University of Edinburgh Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Crohn Disease|Ulcerat… None Details
NCT03247816 Feraccru® Real World Effectiveness Study in Hospital Practice ( FRESH ) NULL COMPLETED Shield Therapeutics Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… None Details
NCT03136419 Microbiota and Immune microEnvironment in Pouchitis NA UNKNOWN University of Padova Pouchitis|Ulcerative Colitis|Ileal Pouch DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Lactobacillus casei DG|DIETAR… Details
NCT02965209 European Novel Motorized Spiral Endoscopy Trial NA COMPLETED Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf Disorder of Small Intestine|Gastrointestinal Hemo… PROCEDURE: motorized spiral enteroscopy Details
NCT02774057 Trial of Captafer® vs. Oral Iron Sulfate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With IBD PHASE4 UNKNOWN American University of Beirut Medical Center Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Disease DRUG: Captafer®|DRUG: Iron Sulfate Details

Disease IDDisease NameDefinitionCategoryRelated DrugsMechanism
1.0 Crohn's disease An intestinal disease that involves inflammation located_in intestine. disease of anatomical entity gastrointestinal system disease, intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease Obiltoxaximab; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Sulfasalazine; Ursodeoxycholic acid; Pegunigalsidase alfa; Imiglucerase; Bictegravir; Taliglucerase alfa; Etelcalcetide; Cimetidine; Desonide Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory diseas… Details
2.0 ulcerative colitis A colitis that is predominantly confined to the mucosa located_in colon and includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. disease of anatomical entity, gastrointestinal system disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract; intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis; disease, primary immunodeficiency disease, autoimmune disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract Mirikizumab; Olsalazine; Balsalazide; Sulfasalazine; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Tixocortol; Kappadione; Teicoplanin; Atezolizumab; Gamolenic acid; Upadacitinib No abstract available Details

Strategy IDTherapeutic StrategySynonymsRelated DrugsMechanism
S01 Anti-inflammatory inflammatory 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs); corticosteroids Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main com… Details
S02 Immunosuppression Classic immunosuppressive drugs azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; methotrexate; ciclosporin-A; tacrolimus Ciclosporin-A and tacrolimus bind to specific intracellular… Details
S03 Anti-TNF agents Tumor necrosis factor infliximab; adalimumab; golimumab; certolizumab pegol TNF is produced by various immune and non-immune cells in t… Details
S04 T-cell homing and retention T-cell trafficking vedolizumab; anti-MAdCAM1 antibodies ; etrolizumab Inhibition of the interaction between α4β7 integrins on T c… Details
S07 Blockade of cytokine Cytokine signalling apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … Details
S08 Strengthening barrier function Modulation of barrier function phosphatidylcholine (lecithin); imiquimod; mongersen Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negat… Details
S11 Improveming Intestinal Microecology the intestinal microbiota antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; postbiotics; synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) The imbalance between beneficial bacteria and harmful patho… Details

Intravenous iron therapy restores functional iron deficiency induced by inflixi…

PMID: 21172191
Year: 2007
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.1

The past 18 months have seen many studies of the prevalence, pathogenesis, and treatment of the extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel…

The health care cost of intravenous iron treatment in IBD patients depends on t…

PMID: 21122539
Year: 2010
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.1

AIM: To compare anxiety and depression levels in adult patients with celiac disease (CD) on a gluten-free diet (GFD) with controls. METHODS: The lev…

Genetic drift. "Omics"as the filtering gateway between environment and phenotyp…

PMID: 21108388
Year: 2010
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.1

The prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in IBD outpatients in Scandinavia

PMID: 21073374
Year: 2011
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BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is a complex process, involving a great number of mediators. It is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, hol…

A rapid infusion protocol is safe for total dose iron polymaltose: time for cha…

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Year: 2011
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BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are associated with expression differences in genes involved in immune function, wound …

Genetics and environmental interactions shape the intestinal microbiome to prom…

PMID: 21029802
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Smoking, physical activity, nutrition and lifestyle: environmental factors and …

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BACKGROUND: The current study involved the development and evaluation of a skills-based, psychological intervention for adolescent females with inf…

Genes and environment: how will our concepts on the pathophysiology of IBD deve…

PMID: 20926863
Year: 2010
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Although numerous reports have described inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) complicated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, the virus participatio…

Environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel diseases. Investigating the hy…

PMID: 20704469
Year: 2010
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BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are used in moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) but their effect is often unpredictable. AIM: To …

Efficacy and safety of ferric carboxymaltose in correcting iron-deficiency anem…

PMID: 20648930
Year: 2010
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.1

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are associated with altered neuronal regulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and impairment of norepinephrin…

Editorial: improved efficacy of biological maintenance therapy in "early" compa…

PMID: 20606661
Year: 2010
Relationship Type: Treatment Score: 6.1

There is growing interest in the use of biologic therapy early in the course of Crohn's disease. In this issue, Schreiber et al. use data from the PR…

Serum prohepcidin levels in children with solid tumors, inflammatory bowel dise…

PMID: 20601378
Year: 2011
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INTRODUCTION: The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and lymphoproliferative disorders (LD) has been previously reported. AIMS: T…

Treatment of iron deficiency anemia associated with gastrointestinal tract dise…

PMID: 20533591
Year: 2010
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AIM: The aim of this study was to explore parents' views and agreement of their child's current and future health, as well as the family's functioni…

Environmental risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease

PMID: 20136986
Year: 2010
Relationship Type: Association Score: 6.1

Environmental risk factors in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis: an update

PMID: 20117338
Year: 2009
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BACKGROUND: Although prednisone and metronidazole are commonly used to treat canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), no randomized-controlled trial…

Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, Th17 effector cells, and cytokine environment in inf…

PMID: 19936899
Year: 2010
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OBJECTIVE: Endothelium-dependent dilation to acetylcholine (Ach) is reduced in mucosal arterioles from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD…

Safety and efficacy of total-dose infusion of low molecular weight iron dextran…

PMID: 19834803
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Not found

Intravenous iron in inflammatory bowel disease

PMID: 19787830
Year: 2009
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Chronic inflammation and cancer are intimately associated. This is particularly true for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colit…

Environmental factors affecting inflammatory bowel disease: have we made progre…

PMID: 19786744
Year: 2009
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between peer victimization, prosocial support, and treatment adherence in children and adolescents with Infla…

Environmental factors in the development of chronic inflammation: a case-contro…

PMID: 19751746
Year: 2010
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Comment in Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2010 Apr;16(4):714-5. In a survey comprising 1,176 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) we recently sho…

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