| Drug ID: | Drug90 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Saffron |
| CID: | 5281233 |
| DrugBank ID: | NULL |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | NULL |
| US Approved: | NULL |
| Other Approved: | NULL |
| Identifier: | NCT05715099, , NCT05117749 |
| Molecular Formula: | C44H64O24 |
| Molecular Weight: | 977.0 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | C/C(=C\\C=C\\C=C(\\C=C\\C=C(\\C(=O)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O)CO[C@@H]2O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)O)CO)/C)/C)/C=C/C=C(/C(=O)O[C@@H]3O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O)CO[C@@H]4O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]4O)O)O)CO)\\C |
| Synonyms: | Crocin; Crocin I; Gardenia Yellow; 42553-65-1; 94238-00-3; Saffron; Crocin 1; alpha-Crocin; Crocine; .alpha.-crocin |
| Phase 0: | 0 |
| Phase 1: | 0 |
| Phase 2: | 0 |
| Phase 3: | 0 |
| Phase 4: | 0 |
| Description: | NULL |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt755 | 5281233 | Crocin | 43 | ACHE | Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) | 26705857 | Crocin inhibits the reaction [rotenone results in increased activity of ACHE protein] |
| dt756 | 5281233 | Crocin | 54 | ACP5 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 30580027 | Crocin promotes the reaction [pyrazolanthrone inhibits the reaction [TNFSF11 protein results in increased activity of ACP5 protein]] |
| dt757 | 5281233 | Crocin | 59 | ACTA2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 32633567 | Crocin inhibits the reaction [carbon tetrachloride results in increased expression of ACTA2 protein]|crocin inhibits the reaction [carbon tetrachloride results in increased expression of ACTA2 mrna] |
| dt758 | 5281233 | Crocin | 208 | AKT2 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 30580027 | Crocin inhibits the reaction [[TNFSF11 protein co-treated with pyrazolanthrone] results in increased expression of AKT2 mrna] |
| dt759 | 5281233 | Crocin | 9474 | ATG5 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 33021114 | Quercetin promotes the reaction [crocin inhibits the reaction [blood glucose results in increased expression of ATG5 protein]]|crocin inhibits the reaction [blood glucose results in increased expression of ATG5 protein]|crocin promotes the reaction [querc |
| dt760 | 5281233 | Crocin | 25805 | BAMBI | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 32259551 | Crocin inhibits the reaction [cisplatin results in decreased expression of BAMBI mrna] |
| dt761 | 5281233 | Crocin | 581 | BAX | Homo sapiens (human) | 32886819 | Crocin results in increased expression of BAX mRNA |
| dt762 | 5281233 | Crocin | 581 | BAX | Mus musculus (house mouse) | 26231423 | Crocin inhibits the reaction [zearalenone results in increased expression of BAX protein] |
| dt763 | 5281233 | Crocin | 581 | BAX | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 32920515 | Crocin inhibits the reaction [arsenic trioxide results in increased expression of BAX mrna]|crocin inhibits the reaction [arsenic trioxide results in increased expression of BAX protein] |
| dt764 | 5281233 | Crocin | 581 | BAX | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | 27353299 | Crocin inhibits the reaction [diazinon results in increased expression of BAX mrna] |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05715099 | Saffron as Anti Inflammatory In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Minia University | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Saffron|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| NCT04749576 | Saffron as Anti Inflammatory Agent In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease | None | UNKNOWN | Howard University | Ulcerative Colitis | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: saffron supplement for IBD | Details |
| RBR-95scpc | Nutritional status and inflammatory profile of patients with Ulcerative Colitis in use of turmeric in outpatient care | Not Available | Recruiting | Hospital das Clínicas Universidade Federal de Goiás - GO | Ulcerative colitis activity | Experimental group : 33 patients with ulcerative … | Details |
| NCT05117749 | Saffron and Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE2 | NOT_YET_RECRUITING | Shiraz University of Medical Sciences | Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Saffron 100|DRUG: Saffron 50|DRUG: Placebo | Details |
| IRCT20230511058153N1 | Comparison of the combined effect of mesalazine-crocin with mesalazine alone in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease | Not Available | Recruiting | Shahre-kord University of Medical Sciences | Condition 1: Crohn's disease. Condition 2: Ulcera… | Intervention 1: Intervention group: Standard trea… | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | Crohn's disease | An intestinal disease that involves inflammation located_in intestine. | disease of anatomical entity gastrointestinal system disease, intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease | Obiltoxaximab; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Sulfasalazine; Ursodeoxycholic acid; Pegunigalsidase alfa; Imiglucerase; Bictegravir; Taliglucerase alfa; Etelcalcetide; Cimetidine; Desonide | Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory diseas… | Details |
| 2.0 | ulcerative colitis | A colitis that is predominantly confined to the mucosa located_in colon and includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. | disease of anatomical entity, gastrointestinal system disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract; intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis; disease, primary immunodeficiency disease, autoimmune disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract | Mirikizumab; Olsalazine; Balsalazide; Sulfasalazine; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Tixocortol; Kappadione; Teicoplanin; Atezolizumab; Gamolenic acid; Upadacitinib | No abstract available | Details |
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Anti-inflammatory | inflammatory | 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs); corticosteroids | Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main com… | Details |
| S02 | Immunosuppression | Classic immunosuppressive drugs | azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; methotrexate; ciclosporin-A; tacrolimus | Ciclosporin-A and tacrolimus bind to specific intracellular… | Details |
| S03 | Anti-TNF agents | Tumor necrosis factor | infliximab; adalimumab; golimumab; certolizumab pegol | TNF is produced by various immune and non-immune cells in t… | Details |
| S04 | T-cell homing and retention | T-cell trafficking | vedolizumab; anti-MAdCAM1 antibodies ; etrolizumab | Inhibition of the interaction between α4β7 integrins on T c… | Details |
| S05 | Angiogenesis | cell proliferation; vascular permeability | ozanimod | The bioactive lipid S1P has been shown to activate NF-κB an… | Details |
| S06 | Anti-fibrosis | fibrosis; tissue remodelling | GS-5745; STNM01 | Tissue remodelling and destruction in patients with IBD is … | Details |
| S07 | Blockade of cytokine | Cytokine signalling | apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab | Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … | Details |
| S08 | Strengthening barrier function | Modulation of barrier function | phosphatidylcholine (lecithin); imiquimod; mongersen | Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negat… | Details |
| S11 | Improveming Intestinal Microecology | the intestinal microbiota | antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; postbiotics; synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) | The imbalance between beneficial bacteria and harmful patho… | Details |
Curative effects of crocin in ulcerative colitis via modulating apoptosis and i…
PMID: 37030122
Year: 2023
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 8.5
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease with characteristic inflammation to mucosal cells in rectum and colon leading to lesions in …
Therapeutic effects of Crocin in autoimmune diseases: A review
PMID: 31430413
Year: 2019
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 8.5
The immune system when acts against selfmolecules results in an imbalance in immunologic tolerance leading to the development of several autoimmune d…
Biological Response of Treatment with Saffron Petal Extract on Cytokine-Induced…
PMID: 39456510
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.5
The pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves complex mechanisms, including immune dysregulation, gut microbiota imbalances, oxidativ…
Saffron as a Promising Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
PMID: 39064796
Year: 2024
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.5
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory illness of the gastrointestinal tract (GI), characterized by recurrent episodes of inflamm…
Microbiomic and Metabolomic Analyses Unveil the Protective Effect of Saffron in…
PMID: 37504267
Year: 2023
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.5
Despite the existence of effective drugs used to treat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), many patients fail to respond or lose response over time. Fu…
Effects of saffron supplementation on oxidative/antioxidant status and severity…
PMID: 33015869
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.5
Supplementation with saffron helps improve antioxidant status. Oxidative stress plays an important role in ulcerative colitis (UC). The present study…
Crocin as a novel therapeutic agent against colitis
PMID: 30714419
Year: 2020
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 6.5
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with high incidence and prevalence worldwide. To investigate the therapeutic potency of cr…
Targeting Nrf2/HO-1 signaling by crocin: Role in attenuation of AA-induced ulce…
PMID: 30530041
Year: 2019
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 5.5
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is usually a mildly active disease; however, it can be associated with serious systemic complications. The current study was …