Inflammatory bowel disease-related complications are associated with a decreased quality of life, requirement for surgery, and increased morbidity. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is accurate at identifying and characterizing perianal fistulae and abscesses and helps guide treatment decisions. EUS also allows us to accurately assess for mucosal and transmural inflammation and thus can help differentiate Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis (UC). EUS use can help predict dysplasia in UC, and monitoring transmural inflammation can help assess response to treatment. In addition to diagnostic EUS, therapeutic EUS techniques have been used to endoscopically drain abscesses and bypass strictures in Crohn's disease.