Adalimumab is a recombinant human monoclonal antibody that inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). It has become an important drug in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)​, ​which do not respond to initial medical treatment. The​​ case of a patient with ulcerative proctitis is presented, who developed acute pleuropericarditis, after starting treatment with Adalimumab.