BACKGROUND AND AIM: Vedolizumab (VDZ) is often used in older patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in clinical practice; however, real-world evidence is still limited, including in those with late-onset UC. METHODS: This post hoc analysis of a multicenter, retrospective, observational chart review, enrolling 370 patients with UC receiving VDZ between December 2018 and February 2020, compared effectiveness and safety of VDZ among patients >/= 70 (n = 40) versus < 70 years (n = 330), and among patients >/= 70 years with and without late-onset UC (age at disease onset: >/= 70 [n = 13] versus < 70 years [n = 26]). RESULTS: There were no differences between patients >/= 70 and < 70 years in clinical remission rates (week 6: 57.5% vs. 47.6%, p = 0.9174; week 14: 62.5% vs. 54.8%, p = 0.1317; week 54: 47.5% vs. 46.4%, p = 0.8149), primary nonresponse (10.0% vs. 15.5%, p = 0.6248), loss of response (12.5% vs. 9.4%, p = 0.5675), or overall safety. Among patients >/= 70 years, the incidence of adverse drug reactions was numerically greater in those with concomitant corticosteroids than in those without. For older patients with and without late-onset UC, week 54 remission rates were 23.1% versus 57.7% (p = 0.0544); surgery was reported in 3/13 versus 2/26 patients and hospitalization in 5/13 versus 6/26 patients. One death was reported in patients with late-onset UC. CONCLUSIONS: VDZ effectiveness and safety were similar in patients >/= 70 and < 70 years; VDZ may be a suitable treatment option for patients >/= 70 years with UC. Patients with late-onset UC tended to have more frequent surgery/hospitalization and lower effectiveness than those without, possibly necessitating greater caution when using VDZ. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Japanese Registry of Clinical Trials registration number: jRCT-1080225363.