| Drug ID: | Drug52 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Iron |
| CID: | 23925 |
| DrugBank ID: | DB01592 |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | approved |
| US Approved: | NO |
| Other Approved: | YES |
| Identifier: | NCT01017614, , NCT03441893 |
| Molecular Formula: | Fe |
| Molecular Weight: | 55.84 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | [Fe] |
| Synonyms: | IRON; 7439-89-6; Iron, elemental; Ferrum; Iron powder; Remko; Armco iron; Ferrovac E; Ancor B; hierro |
| Phase 0: | 4 |
| Phase 1: | 19 |
| Phase 2: | 46 |
| Phase 3: | 81 |
| Phase 4: | 92 |
| Description: | A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia. |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt472 | 23925 | Iron | 3040 | HBA2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Activator | |
| dt473 | 23925 | Iron | 7037 | TFRC | Homo sapiens (human) | 16564538 | None |
| dt474 | 23925 | Iron | 54583 | EGLN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16649251 | None |
| dt475 | 23925 | Iron | 55869 | HDAC8 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16681389 | Cofactor |
| dt476 | 23925 | Iron | 51327 | AHSP | Homo sapiens (human) | 16901899 | None |
| dt477 | 23925 | Iron | 2395 | FXN | Homo sapiens (human) | 16911956 | None |
| dt478 | 23925 | Iron | 2495 | FTH1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 17070541 | None |
| dt479 | 23925 | Iron | 2237 | FEN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt480 | 23925 | Iron | 79661 | NEIL1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt481 | 23925 | Iron | 252969 | NEIL2 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05581420 | Oral Versus Intravenous Iron in IBD Patients With Anti-inflammatory Therapy. | NA | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Ferrous fumarate|DRUG: MonoFer | Details |
| NCT05456932 | Predicting Response to Iron Supplementation in Patients With Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Iron-deficiency|Iron … | DRUG: Intravenous iron|DRUG: Ferric maltol|DRUG: … | Details |
| NCT07141238 | Microplastic Analysis in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | Medical University of Gdansk | Crohn Disease|Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | OTHER: Environmental microplastic exposure | Details |
| NCT05225545 | Sucrosomial Iron vs. Oral Iron Sulfate for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Sucrosomial Iron|DRUG: Oral Iron | Details |
| NCT05176795 | Host-microbiota-environment Interactions | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand | Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis|Diabetes type1|Infl… | OTHER: Stool sample | Details |
| NCT04960826 | Study of an Environmental Risk Factor in Crohn's Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | None | Details |
| NCT04587141 | Clinical Burden of Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Therapeutic Trial | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Sucrosomial iron|DRUG: Ferric Gluconate|DRU… | Details |
| NCT04565821 | Feasibility Study to Assess a Trans-nasal Intestinal Potential Difference Probe | NA | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Massachusetts General Hospital | Inflammatory Disease|Permeability; Increased|Croh… | DEVICE: IPD Probe via TNIT | Details |
| NCT04318405 | Real Life Study on Iron Isomaltoside 1000 in the Treatment of ID in CKD, Heart Failure, ObGyn, IBD, Cancer and Elective Surgery (Real-CHOICE). | NULL | COMPLETED | Pierre Fabre Pharma AG | Iron-Deficiency Anemia|Iron-Deficiency | DRUG: Iron isomaltoside 1000 | Details |
| NCT07380022 | Acceptability, Adherence, and Impact on the Bioavailability of Iron and Zinc of the Dietary Supplements Goodphyte IB Defense and Goodphyte Immunity in Adults With Chronic Diseases. | NA | RECRUITING | University of Thessaly | IBD|Hypertension (HTN)|Multiple Sclerosis|Anemia|… | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Dietary supplement interventi… | Details |
| NCT04123990 | Study of the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NA | UNKNOWN | VIFORFRANCE | Intestinal Disease | DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Iron status testing | Details |
| NCT03872622 | Intestinal Response Patterns to Microbial Signals | NA | COMPLETED | Sheba Medical Center | CD - Crohn's Disease | OTHER: Blood tests, intestinal biopsies, stool sa… | Details |
| NCT03466983 | A Trial Comparing the Incidence of Hypophosphatemia in Relation to Treatment With Iron Isomaltoside and Ferric Carboxymaltose in Subjects With Iron Deficiency Anaemia Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Pharmacosmos A/S | IBD | DRUG: Iron Isomaltoside|DRUG: Ferric Carboxymalto… | Details |
| NCT03457571 | Clinical Observational Study: IBD Patients With Restless-legs-syndrome and Iron Deficiency Syndrome | NULL | COMPLETED | Charite University, Berlin, Germany | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Restless Legs Syndrom… | None | Details |
| NCT03376230 | Role of the Chemical Environment in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | OTHER: Collect of blood, urines, and intestinal b… | Details |
| NCT03282903 | The PRognostic Effect of Environmental Factors in Crohn's and Colitis | NULL | COMPLETED | University of Edinburgh | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Crohn Disease|Ulcerat… | None | Details |
| NCT03247816 | Feraccru® Real World Effectiveness Study in Hospital Practice ( FRESH ) | NULL | COMPLETED | Shield Therapeutics | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | None | Details |
| NCT03136419 | Microbiota and Immune microEnvironment in Pouchitis | NA | UNKNOWN | University of Padova | Pouchitis|Ulcerative Colitis|Ileal Pouch | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Lactobacillus casei DG|DIETAR… | Details |
| NCT02965209 | European Novel Motorized Spiral Endoscopy Trial | NA | COMPLETED | Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf | Disorder of Small Intestine|Gastrointestinal Hemo… | PROCEDURE: motorized spiral enteroscopy | Details |
| NCT02774057 | Trial of Captafer® vs. Oral Iron Sulfate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With IBD | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Disease | DRUG: Captafer®|DRUG: Iron Sulfate | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | Crohn's disease | An intestinal disease that involves inflammation located_in intestine. | disease of anatomical entity gastrointestinal system disease, intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease | Obiltoxaximab; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Sulfasalazine; Ursodeoxycholic acid; Pegunigalsidase alfa; Imiglucerase; Bictegravir; Taliglucerase alfa; Etelcalcetide; Cimetidine; Desonide | Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory diseas… | Details |
| 2.0 | ulcerative colitis | A colitis that is predominantly confined to the mucosa located_in colon and includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. | disease of anatomical entity, gastrointestinal system disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract; intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis; disease, primary immunodeficiency disease, autoimmune disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract | Mirikizumab; Olsalazine; Balsalazide; Sulfasalazine; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Tixocortol; Kappadione; Teicoplanin; Atezolizumab; Gamolenic acid; Upadacitinib | No abstract available | Details |
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Anti-inflammatory | inflammatory | 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs); corticosteroids | Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main com… | Details |
| S02 | Immunosuppression | Classic immunosuppressive drugs | azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; methotrexate; ciclosporin-A; tacrolimus | Ciclosporin-A and tacrolimus bind to specific intracellular… | Details |
| S03 | Anti-TNF agents | Tumor necrosis factor | infliximab; adalimumab; golimumab; certolizumab pegol | TNF is produced by various immune and non-immune cells in t… | Details |
| S04 | T-cell homing and retention | T-cell trafficking | vedolizumab; anti-MAdCAM1 antibodies ; etrolizumab | Inhibition of the interaction between α4β7 integrins on T c… | Details |
| S07 | Blockade of cytokine | Cytokine signalling | apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab | Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … | Details |
| S08 | Strengthening barrier function | Modulation of barrier function | phosphatidylcholine (lecithin); imiquimod; mongersen | Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negat… | Details |
| S11 | Improveming Intestinal Microecology | the intestinal microbiota | antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; postbiotics; synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) | The imbalance between beneficial bacteria and harmful patho… | Details |
Congenital iRHOM2 deficiency causes ADAM17 dysfunction and environmentally dire…
PMID: 34937930
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
We report a pleiotropic disease due to loss-of-function mutations in RHBDF2, the gene encoding iRHOM2, in two kindreds with recurrent infections in d…
Intake of high-purity insoluble dietary fiber from Okara for the amelioration o…
PMID: 34881766
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.5
High-purity insoluble dietary fiber from okara (okara-HPIDF) is a raw material with a potentially positive effect on colon health. However, the mecha…
Histo-Blood Group Antigens, Enteropathogen Carriage and Environmental Enteropat…
PMID: 34724448
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
OBJECTIVES: Stunting, the most common form of childhood undernutrition, is associated with environmental enteropathy (EE). Enteric infections are bel…
Development of a Multiplex Immunohistochemistry Workflow to Investigate the Imm…
PMID: 34681666
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) enables simultaneous staining of multiple immune markers on a single tissue section. Mounting studies have demo…
Long-Term Environmental Hypoxia Exposure and Haematopoietic Prolyl Hydroxylase-…
PMID: 34571764
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Environmental hypoxia and hypoxia-induced signalling in the gut influence inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis, however data is limited to colitis…
Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Do We Know?
PMID: 34277663
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
One of the most common extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease is iron deficiency anemia. It is often an untreated condition tha…
Diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anemia in inflammatory bowel disease
PMID: 34255450
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Comment in Angiology. 2021 Jul;72(6):593. Atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are often regarded as 2 distinct entities. The c…
Main active components of Jiawei Gegen Qinlian decoction protects against ulcer…
PMID: 34087350
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
As an effective drug against acute enteritis diarrhea, Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD) has a history of 2000 years. However, the potential molecular me…
Iron Deficiency Anemia in Celiac Disease
PMID: 34067622
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
The iron absorption process developsmainly in the proximal duodenum. This portion of the intestine is typically destroyed in celiac disease (CD), res…
Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Outcome in Late Adolescent Women With Iron-Deficien…
PMID: 34046268
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in late adolescent women has multiple pathophysiologies. Silent blood loss, celiac disease (CD), malignancies…
Fecal Stream Diversion Changes Intestinal Environment, Modulates Mucosal Barrie…
PMID: 34041649
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: The intestinal environment plays important roles in mucosal barrier homeostasis and intestinal inflammation, as clarified in studies usin…
Genotype imputation in case-only studies of gene-environment interaction: valid…
PMID: 34041609
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Case-only (CO) studies are a powerful means to uncover gene-environment (G x E) interactions for complex human diseases. Moreover, such studies may i…
Long-Term Effectiveness of Oral Ferric Maltol vs Intravenous Ferric Carboxymalt…
PMID: 33988236
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Iron-deficiency anemia is common in inflammatory bowel disease, requiring oral or intravenous iron replacement therapy. Treatment with st…
BODY IRON STATUS INDICATORS AND INFLAMMATION INDICATORS DURING INFLAMMATORY BOW…
PMID: 33909796
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Graphene oxide (GO), a novel carbon-based nanomaterial, has promising applications in biomedicine. However, it induces potential cytotox…
Impact of Use of Antibiotics on Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Tu…
PMID: 33826550
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND: Antibiotic use can result in reduced efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), presumably because of dysbiosis of the intestinal micr…
Long-Term Iron Deficiency and Dietary Iron Excess Exacerbate Acute Dextran Sodi…
PMID: 33807459
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Asthma and allergies are complex, chronic inflammatory diseases in which genetic and environmental factors are crucial. Protection against asthma an…
Effects of Colonization, Geography and Environment on Genetic Divergence in the…
PMID: 33800251
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a particularly troublesome disease that has a huge impact on the human digestive tract, mainly the intestine. Th…
Ferric carboxymaltose treatment for iron deficiency anemia in children with inf…
PMID: 33775573
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Iron deficiency (ID) affects people of all ages in many countries. Due to intestinal blood loss and reduced iron absorption, ID is a threat to IBD …
Activation of the GPR35 pathway drives angiogenesis in the tumour microenvironm…
PMID: 33758004
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.5
OBJECTIVE: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is in 70% of cases associated with inflammatory bowel disease. The hypermorphic T108M variant of the …
Oral Sucrosomial Iron Is as Effective as Intravenous Ferric Carboxy-Maltose in …
PMID: 33673371
Year: 2021
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Anemia is a frequent complication of ulcerative colitis, and is frequently caused by iron deficiency. Oral iron supplementation displays high rates o…