| Drug ID: | Drug52 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Iron |
| CID: | 23925 |
| DrugBank ID: | DB01592 |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | approved |
| US Approved: | NO |
| Other Approved: | YES |
| Identifier: | NCT01017614, , NCT03441893 |
| Molecular Formula: | Fe |
| Molecular Weight: | 55.84 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | [Fe] |
| Synonyms: | IRON; 7439-89-6; Iron, elemental; Ferrum; Iron powder; Remko; Armco iron; Ferrovac E; Ancor B; hierro |
| Phase 0: | 4 |
| Phase 1: | 19 |
| Phase 2: | 46 |
| Phase 3: | 81 |
| Phase 4: | 92 |
| Description: | A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia. |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt472 | 23925 | Iron | 3040 | HBA2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Activator | |
| dt473 | 23925 | Iron | 7037 | TFRC | Homo sapiens (human) | 16564538 | None |
| dt474 | 23925 | Iron | 54583 | EGLN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16649251 | None |
| dt475 | 23925 | Iron | 55869 | HDAC8 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16681389 | Cofactor |
| dt476 | 23925 | Iron | 51327 | AHSP | Homo sapiens (human) | 16901899 | None |
| dt477 | 23925 | Iron | 2395 | FXN | Homo sapiens (human) | 16911956 | None |
| dt478 | 23925 | Iron | 2495 | FTH1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 17070541 | None |
| dt479 | 23925 | Iron | 2237 | FEN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt480 | 23925 | Iron | 79661 | NEIL1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt481 | 23925 | Iron | 252969 | NEIL2 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05581420 | Oral Versus Intravenous Iron in IBD Patients With Anti-inflammatory Therapy. | NA | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Ferrous fumarate|DRUG: MonoFer | Details |
| NCT05456932 | Predicting Response to Iron Supplementation in Patients With Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Iron-deficiency|Iron … | DRUG: Intravenous iron|DRUG: Ferric maltol|DRUG: … | Details |
| NCT07141238 | Microplastic Analysis in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | Medical University of Gdansk | Crohn Disease|Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | OTHER: Environmental microplastic exposure | Details |
| NCT05225545 | Sucrosomial Iron vs. Oral Iron Sulfate for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Sucrosomial Iron|DRUG: Oral Iron | Details |
| NCT05176795 | Host-microbiota-environment Interactions | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand | Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis|Diabetes type1|Infl… | OTHER: Stool sample | Details |
| NCT04960826 | Study of an Environmental Risk Factor in Crohn's Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | None | Details |
| NCT04587141 | Clinical Burden of Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Therapeutic Trial | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Sucrosomial iron|DRUG: Ferric Gluconate|DRU… | Details |
| NCT04565821 | Feasibility Study to Assess a Trans-nasal Intestinal Potential Difference Probe | NA | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Massachusetts General Hospital | Inflammatory Disease|Permeability; Increased|Croh… | DEVICE: IPD Probe via TNIT | Details |
| NCT04318405 | Real Life Study on Iron Isomaltoside 1000 in the Treatment of ID in CKD, Heart Failure, ObGyn, IBD, Cancer and Elective Surgery (Real-CHOICE). | NULL | COMPLETED | Pierre Fabre Pharma AG | Iron-Deficiency Anemia|Iron-Deficiency | DRUG: Iron isomaltoside 1000 | Details |
| NCT07380022 | Acceptability, Adherence, and Impact on the Bioavailability of Iron and Zinc of the Dietary Supplements Goodphyte IB Defense and Goodphyte Immunity in Adults With Chronic Diseases. | NA | RECRUITING | University of Thessaly | IBD|Hypertension (HTN)|Multiple Sclerosis|Anemia|… | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Dietary supplement interventi… | Details |
| NCT04123990 | Study of the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NA | UNKNOWN | VIFORFRANCE | Intestinal Disease | DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Iron status testing | Details |
| NCT03872622 | Intestinal Response Patterns to Microbial Signals | NA | COMPLETED | Sheba Medical Center | CD - Crohn's Disease | OTHER: Blood tests, intestinal biopsies, stool sa… | Details |
| NCT03466983 | A Trial Comparing the Incidence of Hypophosphatemia in Relation to Treatment With Iron Isomaltoside and Ferric Carboxymaltose in Subjects With Iron Deficiency Anaemia Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Pharmacosmos A/S | IBD | DRUG: Iron Isomaltoside|DRUG: Ferric Carboxymalto… | Details |
| NCT03457571 | Clinical Observational Study: IBD Patients With Restless-legs-syndrome and Iron Deficiency Syndrome | NULL | COMPLETED | Charite University, Berlin, Germany | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Restless Legs Syndrom… | None | Details |
| NCT03376230 | Role of the Chemical Environment in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | OTHER: Collect of blood, urines, and intestinal b… | Details |
| NCT03282903 | The PRognostic Effect of Environmental Factors in Crohn's and Colitis | NULL | COMPLETED | University of Edinburgh | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Crohn Disease|Ulcerat… | None | Details |
| NCT03247816 | Feraccru® Real World Effectiveness Study in Hospital Practice ( FRESH ) | NULL | COMPLETED | Shield Therapeutics | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | None | Details |
| NCT03136419 | Microbiota and Immune microEnvironment in Pouchitis | NA | UNKNOWN | University of Padova | Pouchitis|Ulcerative Colitis|Ileal Pouch | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Lactobacillus casei DG|DIETAR… | Details |
| NCT02965209 | European Novel Motorized Spiral Endoscopy Trial | NA | COMPLETED | Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf | Disorder of Small Intestine|Gastrointestinal Hemo… | PROCEDURE: motorized spiral enteroscopy | Details |
| NCT02774057 | Trial of Captafer® vs. Oral Iron Sulfate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With IBD | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Disease | DRUG: Captafer®|DRUG: Iron Sulfate | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | Crohn's disease | An intestinal disease that involves inflammation located_in intestine. | disease of anatomical entity gastrointestinal system disease, intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease | Obiltoxaximab; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Sulfasalazine; Ursodeoxycholic acid; Pegunigalsidase alfa; Imiglucerase; Bictegravir; Taliglucerase alfa; Etelcalcetide; Cimetidine; Desonide | Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory diseas… | Details |
| 2.0 | ulcerative colitis | A colitis that is predominantly confined to the mucosa located_in colon and includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. | disease of anatomical entity, gastrointestinal system disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract; intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis; disease, primary immunodeficiency disease, autoimmune disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract | Mirikizumab; Olsalazine; Balsalazide; Sulfasalazine; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Tixocortol; Kappadione; Teicoplanin; Atezolizumab; Gamolenic acid; Upadacitinib | No abstract available | Details |
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Anti-inflammatory | inflammatory | 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs); corticosteroids | Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main com… | Details |
| S02 | Immunosuppression | Classic immunosuppressive drugs | azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; methotrexate; ciclosporin-A; tacrolimus | Ciclosporin-A and tacrolimus bind to specific intracellular… | Details |
| S03 | Anti-TNF agents | Tumor necrosis factor | infliximab; adalimumab; golimumab; certolizumab pegol | TNF is produced by various immune and non-immune cells in t… | Details |
| S04 | T-cell homing and retention | T-cell trafficking | vedolizumab; anti-MAdCAM1 antibodies ; etrolizumab | Inhibition of the interaction between α4β7 integrins on T c… | Details |
| S07 | Blockade of cytokine | Cytokine signalling | apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab | Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … | Details |
| S08 | Strengthening barrier function | Modulation of barrier function | phosphatidylcholine (lecithin); imiquimod; mongersen | Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negat… | Details |
| S11 | Improveming Intestinal Microecology | the intestinal microbiota | antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; postbiotics; synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) | The imbalance between beneficial bacteria and harmful patho… | Details |
The Dark Side of Iron: The Relationship between Iron, Inflammation and Gut Micr…
PMID: 36079734
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Iron is an indispensable nutrient for life. A lack of it leads to iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), which currently affects about 1.2 billion people wor…
Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose for the management of iron deficiency and iro…
PMID: 36056175
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Iron deficiency is the primary cause of anaemia worldwide and is particularly common among children and adolescents. Intravenous (IV) iron therapy is…
"Two-birds-one-stone" colon-targeted nanomedicine treats ulcerative colitis via…
PMID: 36042499
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Dysregulated mucosal immune responses and colonic fibrosis impose two formidable challenges for ulcerative colitis treatment. It indicates that monot…
Dietary Nutrient Intake and Blood Micronutrient Status of Children with Crohn's…
PMID: 36014931
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
(1) The nutritional status of children with Crohn's disease (CD) is rarely described. This study aimed to assess the dietary intake and blood micronu…
The role of iron in chronic inflammatory diseases: from mechanisms to treatment…
PMID: 35994752
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Anemia of inflammation (AI) is a highly prevalent comorbidity in patients affected by chronic inflammatory disorders, such as chronic kidney disease,…
Gastrointestinal Lesions and Its Associated Factors in Adult Males With Iron De…
PMID: 35983390
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Background Around 30% of the world's population suffers from iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). The standard evaluation for IDA involves upper and lower …
Gene/environment interaction in the susceptibility of Crohn's disease patients …
PMID: 35973536
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
BACKGROUND & AIM: The key role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is recognized. Aluminum is suspected…
Microenvironmental Factors that Shape Bacterial Metabolites in Inflammatory Bow…
PMID: 35959366
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a significant global health problem that involves chronic intestinal inflammation and can involve severe comorbid…
A Preclinical Validation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Treatment of Perianal …
PMID: 35955465
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Fistulizing anoperineal lesions are severe complications of Crohn's disease (CD) that affect quality of life with a long-term risk of anal sphincter …
Ironing It All Out: A Comprehensive Review of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflamm…
PMID: 35930123
Year: 2023
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Iron deficiency anemia affects approximately 45% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), negatively impacts the quality of life in this pa…
Genes vs environment in inflammatory bowel disease: an update
PMID: 35912838
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are known to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors that vary in their infl…
Visualization of Inflammation in Experimental Colitis by Magnetic Resonance Ima…
PMID: 35903065
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) comprise mainly ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn s disease (CD). Both forms present with a chronic inflammation of…
A metagenomic DNA sequencing assay that is robust against environmental DNA con…
PMID: 35864089
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Metagenomic DNA sequencing is a powerful tool to characterize microbial communities but is sensitive to environmental DNA contamination, in particula…
Same Day Infusion of Iron Therapy Is Associated With No Increased Risk for Adve…
PMID: 35862033
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
GOALS: The goal of this study was to compare the relative safety of administering iron infusions on the same day as intravenous (IV) biological thera…
Buspirone Ameliorates Colon Inflammation in TNBS-Induced Rat Acute Colitis: The…
PMID: 35820429
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory situation involving the whole digestive system. This illness includes ulcerative colitis and Croh…
Environmental variables and genome-environment interactions predicting IBD diag…
PMID: 35764673
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
A combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure is thought to cause inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the non-genetic componen…
HIF1α-Dependent Induction of TFRC by a Combination of Intestinal Inflammation a…
PMID: 35755436
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.5
Background and Aims: Iron deficiency (ID) is a frequent extra-intestinal manifestation in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), who often d…
Shared environment and colorectal cancer: A Nordic pedigree registry-based coho…
PMID: 35657349
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) increases in relatives of patients with CRC. The extent to which this is attributable to genetic predisposition or sh…
Supplementation with High or Low Iron Reduces Colitis Severity in an AOM/DSS Mo…
PMID: 35631174
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.5
The relationship between colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) and the dysregulation of iron metabolism has been implicated. However, studies on…
Domestic Environment and Gut Microbiota: Lessons from Pet Dogs
PMID: 35630391
Year: 2022
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.5
Accumulating data show the involvement of intestinal microbiota in the development and maintenance of numerous diseases. Many environmental factors i…