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Molecular Basis of Chronic Intestinal Wall Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Int J Mol Sci PMID: 40565217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26125754
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and IBD-unclassified (IBD-U), are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Chronic inflammation in the course of IBD is an important initiating factor of fibrosis of the intestinal wall. Intestinal fibrosis is one of the most common and important …
Resveratrol Mitigates Inflammation by Modulating Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Receptors (TNFRs) in a 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid (TNBS)-Induced Rat Model of Colitis
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Int J Mol Sci PMID: 40565241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms26125779
Several substances with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties are currently being investigated as potential adjunctive or standalone treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). One such substance is resveratrol (RES), also known as 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene, a natural dietary polyphenol with diverse health-promoting effects. In this study, male Wistar-Hannover rats received oral RES supplementation …
The Non-Peptide MAS-R Agonist AVE0991 Alleviates Colitis Severity in Mice and Exhibits an Additive Effect with Azathioprine
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Int J Mol Sci PMID: 40565247
A growing body of evidence suggests the potent anti-inflammatory properties of the newly discovered arm of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR, in various disease conditions. Our group was the first to report the anti-inflammatory properties of the Ang-(1-7) polypeptide in the murine dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model. Both its short …
Can Nature Overcome Invasive Gastrointestinal Infections?
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Int J Mol Sci PMID: 40565258
Invasive bacterial gastrointestinal infections represent a substantial clinical burden worldwide, contributing to significant morbidity and, in severe cases, mortality. The causative bacterial agents of these infections include Shigella spp., enteroinvasive Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Listeria monocytogenes. Given the growing challenges of therapy failures and rising …
Ferroptosis in Gastrointestinal Diseases: A New Frontier in Pathogenesis and Therapy
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Clin Med PMID: 40565780 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14124035
Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a key player in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Unlike apoptosis or necrosis, ferroptosis is characterized by distinctive metabolic and molecular pathways, including dysregulated iron metabolism, oxidative stress, and impaired antioxidant defenses. This review …
Cardiotonic Steroids as a Potential Novel Approach for Immunomodulation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Clin Med PMID: 40565877 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14124132
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that significantly impairs the quality of life of millions of individuals. The pathogenesis of IBD is closely linked to dysbiosis of microbiota and the activation of various inflammatory pathways, which are characterized by elevated levels of activated immune cells, such as neutrophils …
Psychological Morbidity in IBD: The Dominant Role of Disease Activity over Subtype and Demographic Factors
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Clin Med PMID: 40565923 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14124179
Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience disproportionately high rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms, representing a 2-3-fold increased risk versus the general population. While psychological morbidity is well-documented, the relative contributions of disease activity (active vs. inactive), IBD subtype (ulcerative colitis [UC] vs. Crohn's disease [CD]), and sociodemographic …
Salivary Calprotectin as a Biomarker in Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Study
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Clin Med PMID: 40565977
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of salivary calprotectin (SCP) as a novel biomarker in the management of Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease (EOIBD), comparing EOIBD and healthy controls and differentiating patients based on their history of oral manifestations (OM). We correlated SCP and fecal calprotectin (FCP) in …
Artificial Intelligence in Endoscopic and Ultrasound Imaging for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Clin Med PMID: 40566036 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14124291
Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming imaging modalities in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly in endoscopy and ultrasound. Despite their critical roles, both modalities are challenged by interobserver variability, subjectivity, and accessibility issues. AI offers significant potential to address these limitations by enhancing lesion detection, standardizing disease activity scoring, and …
Efficacy and Safety of L-Menthol During Gastrointestinal Endoscopy-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Clin Med PMID: 40566063
Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy is crucial for diagnosing colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases, but its effectiveness can be impacted by peristalsis, poor bowel preparation, and inadequate withdrawal time. Conventional antispasmodics, though effective, may not be suitable for elderly patients or those with comorbidities. L-menthol, derived from peppermint oil, has emerged …
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