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Regulatory T cells and their role in inflammatory bowel disease: molecular targets, therapeutic strategies and translational advances
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Biochem Pharmacol PMID: 40571217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2025.117087
Regulatory T cells (T(regs)) are essential for immune tolerance and for controlling pathological inflammation, particularly in mucosal tissues such as the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is increasingly associated with T(reg) dysfunction. This dysfunction is marked by loss of lineage …
Fibroblast lipid metabolism through ACSL4 regulates epithelial sensitivity to ferroptosis in IBD
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Nat Metab PMID: 40571769 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-025-01313-x
Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and constitute a major mechanism of epithelial cell death. Approaches to broadly inhibit ROS have had limited efficacy in treating IBD. Here we show that lipid peroxidation contributes to the pathophysiology of IBD by promoting ferroptosis, …
Association of Serum Levels of Ustekinumab, Vedolizumab, and Faecal Calprotectin in Paediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Prospective Observational Study
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Paediatr Drugs PMID: 40571898 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-025-00702-9
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Ustekinumab (USTE) and vedolizumab (VEDO) are increasingly used in paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (pIBD). However, data on the usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in children are scarce. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the association between disease activity, measured by faecal …
[1]The human gut microbiota in IBD, characterizing hubs, the core microbiota and terminal nodes: a network-based approach
Publication Year: 2025 Source: BMC Microbiol PMID: 40571931 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-025-04106-0
BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the bacterial composition of the human gut microbiota, is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Advances in biological techniques have generated vast microbiota datasets, presenting both opportunities and challenges for clinical research in that field. Network theory offers powerful tools to analyze these complex datasets. …
Impact of Gut Microbiome on Gut Permeability in Liver and Gut Diseases
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Microorganisms PMID: 40572077 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13061188
Hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal conditions, including chronic liver diseases and inflammatory bowel disease, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality globally. While the pathophysiology and symptoms vary from one disease to another, aberrations of the gut microbiome with deleterious microbial products affecting the intestinal barrier are common in patients suffering from …
Impact of Psychopathology and Gut Microbiota on Disease Progression in Ulcerative Colitis: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Microorganisms PMID: 40572096 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13061208
Psychological distress and gut dysbiosis play key roles in IBD. This study investigated whether specific psychopathological and gut microbiota features predict adverse outcomes in UC patients. This retrospective cohort study included 35 UC patients recruited in 2019. Baseline assessments involved clinical interviews, psychiatric evaluations, and stool sampling. In 2024, follow-up …
Clostridioides difficile in Animal Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A One Health Perspective on Emerging Zoonotic Threats
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Microorganisms PMID: 40572121 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13061233
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in animals, a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder marked by chronic inflammation, has increasingly been linked to Clostridioides difficile infections. Recognized for its pathogenic role in human pseudomembranous colitis, C. difficile is now emerging as a critical agent in veterinary medicine, particularly in livestock (e.g., cattle, pigs), companion …
Indoximod Attenuates Inflammatory Responses in Acetic Acid-Induced Acute Colitis by Modulating Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Signaling and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Rats
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Medicina (Kaunas) PMID: 40572721
Background and Objectives: Acute ulcerative colitis is characterized by excessive mucosal inflammation and epithelial disruption, often driven by dysregulated cytokine and immune signaling. Indoximod (1-methyl-DL-tryptophan), although not a direct enzymatic inhibitor, modulates the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway and has been reported to exert immunoregulatory effects in various models of inflammation. …
Efficacy of a Low-FODMAP Diet on the Severity of Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Quality of Life in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders-A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Nutrients PMID: 40573159 DOI: 10.3390/nu17122045
Background: A low-FODMAP diet is considered as a potential supportive treatment approach in some gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature for randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy of the low-FODMAP diet on the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms and quality of life in patients …
Cytomegalovirus Colitis in Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Viruses PMID: 40573343 DOI: 10.3390/v17060752
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis, a complication in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly ulcerative colitis (UC), is a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its overlap with IBD flares. CMV reactivation in IBD is driven by chronic inflammation, compromised immune function, and use of immunosuppressive agents like corticosteroids. Risk …
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