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Hepatocellular and hepatic peroxisomal alterations in mice with a disrupted peroxisomal fatty acyl-coenzyme A oxidase gene.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: The Journal of biological chemistry PMID: 8798738
Peroxisomal genetic disorders, such as Zellweger syndrome, are characterized by defects in one or more enzymes involved in the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids and are associated with defective peroxisomal biogenesis. The biologic role of peroxisomal beta-oxidation system, which consists of three enzymes: fatty acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX), …
Monoclonal antibodies specific for beta 7 integrin and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) reduce inflammation in the colon of scid mice reconstituted with CD45RBhigh CD4+ T cells.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) PMID: 9036954
Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) is an adhesion protein expressed on endothelium in mucosal tissues that has been shown to play an important role in the selective homing of lymphocytes to intestinal mucosa and associated lymphoid tissue. To determine whether MAdCAM-1 or its ligand alpha 4 beta 7 would …
Interleukin 12 is expressed and actively released by Crohn's disease intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Gastroenterology PMID: 9098000
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cell-mediated immunity is a feature of Crohn's disease (CD). The heterodimer interleukin (IL)-12, produced by phagocytes, induces T-cell cytokines, primarily interferon (IFN)-gamma. This study examined whether CD lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) express and release bioactive IL-12. METHODS: LPMCs were isolated from 13 patients with CD, 9 …
Healing of severe recurrent ileitis with azathioprine therapy in patients with Crohn's disease.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Gastroenterology PMID: 9136824
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Standard corticosteroid therapy for Crohn's ileitis induces symptom relief without improvement of endoscopically visible lesions. In this study, the effect of azathioprine therapy on the inflammatory lesions in the neoterminal ileum of patients with severe postoperative Crohn's recurrence was examined. METHODS: Macroscopic ileal lesions were studied endoscopically …
Extended primary culture of human hepatocytes in a collagen gel sandwich system.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal PMID: 9201515
To develop a strategy for extended primary culture of human hepatocytes, we placed human hepatocytes between two layers of collagen gel, called a "collagen gel sandwich." Maintenance of hepatocellular functions in this system was compared with that of identical hepatocyte preparations cultured on dry-collagen coated dishes or cocultured with rat …
A short-term study of chimeric monoclonal antibody cA2 to tumor necrosis factor alpha for Crohn's disease. Crohn's Disease cA2 Study Group.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: The New England journal of medicine PMID: 9321530
BACKGROUND: Studies in animals and an open-label trial have suggested a role for antibodies to tumor necrosis factor alpha, specifically chimeric monoclonal antibody cA2, in the treatment of Crohn's disease. METHODS: We conducted a 12-week multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of cA2 in 108 patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease that was …
Attenuation of colitis in the cotton-top tamarin by anti-alpha 4 integrin monoclonal antibody.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: The Journal of clinical investigation PMID: 7686922
Recent studies have demonstrated the induced expression of endothelial adhesion molecules including E-selectin (also called endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule and intercellular adhesion molecule in actively involved mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Similar induction has been demonstrated in the colon of the Cotton-top …
Establishment and characterization of differentiated, nontransformed hepatocyte cell lines derived from mice transgenic for transforming growth factor alpha.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America PMID: 7904757
Hepatocytes are extensively used in studies of gene regulation but cannot be maintained in long-term culture as replicating, differentiated cells while remaining nontumorigenic. We have derived two hepatocyte lines from livers of transgenic mice overexpressing transforming growth factor alpha, a potent hepatocyte mitogen, which overcome these limitations. The transgenic hepatocytes …
Intestinal permeability and the prediction of relapse in Crohn's disease.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Lancet (London, England) PMID: 8099141
To see whether intestinal permeability (IP) predicted relapse in Crohn's disease, we measured IP in 72 patients with quiescent Crohn's disease using the lactulose-mannitol test. The permeability index (lactulose/mannitol) was significantly higher in patients than in controls (0.046 [SEM 0.005] vs 0.018 [SEM 0.002], respectively). Patients were followed for 1 …
Localization of intestinal interleukin 1 activity and protein and gene expression to lamina propria cells.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Gastroenterology PMID: 8440434
BACKGROUND: Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is a key mediator of bowel inflammation, but there is limited knowledge about the amount and site of production of this cytokine in the gastrointestinal tract under physiological or pathological conditions. METHODS: Epithelial and lamina propria mononuclear cells were isolated from control, and Crohn's disease- and …
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