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Self-Organizing Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Hepatocyte 3D Organoids Inform the Biology of the Pleiotropic TRIB1 Gene.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Hepatology communications PMID: 32923835
Establishment of a physiologically relevant human hepatocyte-like cell system for in vitro translational research has been hampered by the limited availability of cell models that accurately reflect human biology and the pathophysiology of human disease. Here we report a robust, reproducible, and scalable protocol for the generation of hepatic organoids …
NASH-inducing Diets in Gottingen Minipigs.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology PMID: 32405177
BACKGROUND: Owing to the human-like physiology, a minipig model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) could be valuable. Pigs, however, rarely develop substantial hepatic steatosis, even when fed diets with high fat, fructose, and cholesterol (FFC) content. The potential of choline-deficient, amino acid-defined high-fat diets (CDAHFD) was therefore evaluated in Gottingen Minipigs. …
Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Organoids as Models of Liver Disease.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Gastroenterology PMID: 32553762
BACKGROUND & AIMS: There are few in vitro models for studying the 3-dimensional interactions among different liver cell types during organogenesis or disease development. We aimed to generate hepatic organoids that comprise different parenchymal liver cell types and have structural features of the liver, using human pluripotent stem cells. METHODS: …
In Vitro Human Liver Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis by Coculturing Hepatocytes, Endothelial Cells, and Kupffer Cells.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Advanced healthcare materials PMID: 31746151
The liver has a complex and unique microenvironment with multiple cell-cell interactions and internal vascular networks. Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease with multiple phases, no proper model could fully recapitulate the in vivo microenvironment to understand NAFLD progression. Here, an in vitro …
Ulcerative colitis.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: The New England journal of medicine PMID: 22047562
No Abstract
Adalimumab induces and maintains clinical remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Gastroenterology PMID: 22062358
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Adalimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Its efficacy as maintenance therapy for patients with ulcerative colitis has not been studied in a controlled, double-blind trial. METHODS: Ulcerative colitis long-term remission and maintenance with adalimumab 2 (ULTRA 2) was a randomized, …
Hygiene hypothesis and autoimmune diseases.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology PMID: 22090147
Throughout the twentieth century, there were striking increases in the incidences of many chronic inflammatory disorders in the rich developed countries. These included autoimmune disorders such as Type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Although genetics and specific triggering mechanisms such as molecular mimicry and viruses are likely to be involved, …
Smokers with active Crohn's disease have a clinically relevant dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal microbiota.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Inflammatory bowel diseases PMID: 22102318
BACKGROUND: Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have an intestinal dysbiosis with components of the microbiota exerting differential immune effects. Smoking is associated with an increased incidence of CD, more frequent relapse, and greater burden of surgery. This study aimed to investigate the association between smoking and the intestinal microbiota in …
Crohn's disease.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Lancet (London, England) PMID: 22914295
Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory disease, mainly affecting the gastrointestinal tract with extraintestinal manifestations and associated immune disorders. Genome wide association studies identified susceptibility loci that--triggered by environmental factors--result in a disturbed innate (ie, disturbed intestinal barrier, Paneth cell dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, defective unfolded protein response and …
A phase 2 study of tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, in patients with Crohn's disease.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association PMID: 24480677
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Tofacitinib, an orally administered Janus kinase inhibitor, blocks signaling through gamma-chain-containing cytokines (interleukins 2, 4, 7, 9, 15, and 21). We performed a phase 2 trial to measure its efficacy in patients with moderate-to-severe active Crohn's disease. METHODS: Patients (N = 139; age, >/=18 y) with moderate-to-severe …
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