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Bioengineered Multicellular Liver Microtissues for Modeling Advanced Hepatic Fibrosis Driven Through Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) PMID: 33690979
Despite considerable efforts in modeling liver disease in vitro, it remains difficult to recapitulate the pathogenesis of the advanced phases of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with inflammation and fibrosis. Here, a liver-on-a-chip platform with bioengineered multicellular liver microtissues is developed, composed of four major types of liver cells (hepatocytes, …
In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Critical Appraisal.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Journal of clinical medicine PMID: 33374435
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), represents the hepatic manifestation of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Due to the spread of the obesity epidemic, NAFLD is becoming the most common chronic liver disease and one of the principal indications for liver transplantation. However, …
A human pluripotent stem cell model for the analysis of metabolic dysfunction in hepatic steatosis.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: iScience PMID: 33409477
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most prevalent form of liver disease worldwide. This term encompasses a spectrum of pathologies, from benign hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which have, to date, been challenging to model in the laboratory setting. Here, we present a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived …
Validation of an adipose-liver human-on-a-chip model of NAFLD for preclinical therapeutic efficacy evaluation.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Scientific reports PMID: 34162924
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease and strongly correlates with the growing incidence of obesity and type II diabetes. We have developed a human-on-a-chip model composed of human hepatocytes and adipose tissue chambers capable of modeling the metabolic factors that contribute to liver disease development …
F1C fimbriae play an important role in biofilm formation and intestinal colonization by the Escherichia coli commensal strain Nissle 1917.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Applied and environmental microbiology PMID: 18997018
Bacterial biofilm formation is thought to enhance survival in natural environments and during interaction with hosts. A robust colonizer of the human gastrointestinal tract, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917, is widely employed in probiotic therapy. In this study, we performed a genetic screen to identify genes that are involved in Nissle …
Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) and the mucus layer: Evidence of therapeutic efficacy in ulcerative colitis?
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) PMID: 20926877
Colonic mucus protects against attacks from bacteria in stool. One component of mucus is phosphatidylcholine (PC) which is thought to be arranged as continuous lamellar layer in the apical mucus and to be responsible for establishing a protective hydrophobic surface. This 'intestinal surfactant' plays a key role in mucosal defense. …
Bisphenol A induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated apoptosis in mouse non-parenchymal hepatocytes.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Life sciences PMID: 20807545
AIMS: the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on NCTC Clone 1469, non-parenchymal hepatocytes, were examined to clarify the molecular basis of BPA-induced liver injury. MAIN METHODS: we analyzed the expression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) mRNA, Bcl2 mRNA, caspase12, and glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (GRP78)/Ig heavy chain-binding protein (BiP), to …
Intestinal mucosal barrier function in health and disease.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Nature reviews. Immunology PMID: 19855405
Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells. These cells establish a barrier between sometimes hostile external environments and the internal milieu. However, mucosae are also responsible for nutrient absorption and waste secretion, which require a selectively permeable barrier. These functions place the mucosal epithelium at the centre of interactions between …
Dendritic cells in intestinal homeostasis and disease.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: The Journal of clinical investigation PMID: 19729841
DCs are specialized APCs that orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses. The intestinal mucosa contains numerous DCs, which induce either protective immunity to infectious agents or tolerance to innocuous antigens, including food and commensal bacteria. Several subsets of mucosal DCs have been described that display unique functions, dictated in part …
Early mucosal healing with infliximab is associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes in ulcerative colitis.
Publication Year: Unknown Source: Gastroenterology PMID: 21723220
BACKGROUND & AIMS: In the Active Ulcerative Colitis Trial (ACT)-1 and ACT-2, patients with ulcerative colitis treated with infliximab were more likely than those given placebo to have a clinical response, undergo remission, and have mucosal healing. We investigated the association between early improvement (based on endoscopy) and subsequent clinical …
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