Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A18316 |
| PMID: | 27216820 |
| Source: | Int J Obes (Lond) |
| Title: | Adiponectin mediates the additive effects of combining daily exercise with caloric restriction for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver. |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Little is known regarding whether or not combining daily exercise (EX) with caloric restriction (CR) additionally alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The study investigated the effect of the combination of EX and CR on NAFLD and its underlying mechanisms in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice (N=50) were fed a standard chow (SC; n=10) or HFD (n=40) for 24 weeks. After 16 weeks, the HFD mice were further assigned to one of the following groups for the remaining 8 weeks: the first group of mice (HFD; n=10) remained to HFD, the second group of mice (HFD-EX; n=10) remained to HFD while subjected to EX, the third group of mice (HFD-CR; n=10) switched their diet from HFD to SC and the fourth group of mice (HFD-EX+CR; n=10) switched their diet from HFD to SC while simultaneously being subjected to EX. RESULTS: HFD resulted in obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, hypercholesterolemia and histology-based hepatic steatosis in conjunction with hypoadiponectinemia and downregulation of hepatic adiponectin receptors. However, EX or CR alleviated the fatty liver and its metabolic complications significantly. Compared with EX or CR alone, the combination of EX and CR resulted in further alleviations of NAFLD-associated conditions. The additive benefits of the combined treatment were associated with greater elevations of adiponectin and its hepatic receptors, in conjunction with greater expression of their downstream targets involved in fatty acid oxidation, de novo lipogenesis and anti-inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings provide experimental evidence in favor of the combination of EX and CR as a superior strategy for NAFLD treatment than EX or CR alone. |
| DOI: | 10.1038/ijo.2016.104 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S08 | Lifestyle measures | Lifestyle intervention; weight loss; diet adaptation; dietary interventions; lifestyle modifications; Exercise | -- | -- | Details |
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S07 | Anti-lipogenesis | de novo lipogenesis; de novo lipogenesis; DNL; anti-lipogenic mechanisms; adipogenesis; anti-obesity | stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1); Acetyl-coenzyme carboxylase; acyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor (ACC inhibitor); stearoyl Coenzyme A desaturase inhibitor (SCD inhibitor); THR-beta selective agonist; DGAT2 inhibitor; FASN inhibitor | Aramchol; Firsocostat (GS-0976); VK-2809; ION 224 | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I13 | 3146 | Lipid metabolism disorder | An inherited metabolic disorder that involves the creation and degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism | disease of metabolism/ inherited metabolic disorder | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress |
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