Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A46353 |
| PMID: | 19352321 |
| Source: | Nat Rev Endocrinol |
| Title: | Evaluation of a child for secondary causes of obesity and comorbidities. |
| Abstract: | BACKGROUND: A 15-year-old boy who had been overweight since the age of 6 months was referred to an adolescent obesity clinic for further assessment of his comorbidities and management of his obesity. The patient had no history of developmental delay or abnormal growth velocity. He had previously tested negative for Prader-Willi syndrome and the melanocortin-4 receptor gene mutation. The patient had made numerous attempts at weight loss in the past, but any weight loss he achieved had been temporary. At presentation, the patient had a BMI of 52.3 kg/m(2), a waist circumference of 156 cm, blood pressure of 130/85 mmHg and severe acanthosis nigricans in the cervical and axillary skin folds. INVESTIGATIONS: Measurement of height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure; screening tests, including a fasting glucose test, 2 h glucose-tolerance test, measurements of blood lipids and liver function tests. DIAGNOSIS: Morbid obesity, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, impaired glucose tolerance and dyslipidemia. MANAGEMENT: The patient was assigned to an extensive lifestyle-modification and behavior-modification program, with clinic-based follow-up every 4 weeks. |
| DOI: | 10.1038/nrendo.2009.20 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S08 | Lifestyle measures | Lifestyle intervention; weight loss; diet adaptation; dietary interventions; lifestyle modifications; Exercise | -- | -- | Details |
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I13 | 3146 | Lipid metabolism disorder | An inherited metabolic disorder that involves the creation and degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism | disease of metabolism/ inherited metabolic disorder | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D579 | Emfilermin | Miscellany | -- | adipocytes | Enhance lipid metabolism | Under investigation | Details |
| D010 | Amoxicillin | Chemical drug | DB01060 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D080 | Citrulline | Chemical drug | DB00155 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D094 | Cysteamine | Chemical drug | DB00847 | GSS stimulant | Renal drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D095 | Cysteamine bitartrate | Chemical drug | DB00847 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |