Research Article Details

Article ID: A50830
PMID: 35121749
Source: Sci Rep
Title: A problem of proportions: estimates of metabolic associated fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis in Australian adults in the nationwide 2012 AusDiab Study.
Abstract: Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease in Australia, but prevalence data are limited. We aimed to describe the frequency of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation, and MAFLD within a large prospective Australian cohort. Cross-sectional analysis of the 2012 survey of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study which included 4747 Australian adults (aged 34-97 yrs) was performed. Frequency of ALT elevation (men ≥ 40 IU/L, women ≥ 30 IU/L) and MAFLD (Fatty Liver Index (FLI) > 60 alongside metabolic risk factors) was determined and risk of advanced fibrosis stratified using the BARD score. Elevated ALT was found in 13% of the cohort, including 22% of people with diabetes, 18% with obesity, and 17% with the metabolic syndrome. 37% of the cohort had MAFLD, and those with MAFLD were more likely to be older (OR 1.01 per 1 year (95% CI 1.00-1.02)), male (OR 1.37 (95% CI 1.17-1.59)), have ALT elevation (OR 3.21 (95% CI 2.59-3.99)), diabetes (OR 3.39 (95% CI 2.61-4.39)), lower HDL-C (OR 0.15 per 1 mmol/L (95% CI 0.12-0.19)), higher diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.05 per 10 mmHg (95% CI 1.05-1.06)), a sedentary lifestyle (OR 1.99 (95% CI 1.59-2.50)) and less likely to have tertiary education (OR 0.81 (95% CI 0.7-0.94) compared to those without MAFLD. Of those with MAFLD, 61% had a BARD score suggesting risk of advanced fibrosis and 22% had an elevated ALT. Over 10% of this Australian cohort had elevated ALT, and 37% had MAFLD, with many at risk for advanced fibrosis.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05168-0

Strategy ID Therapy Strategy Synonyms Therapy Targets Therapy Drugs
S03 Anti-fibrosis fibrosis Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB); CCR2/CCR5 antagonist; Thyroid receptor β agonist; PEGylated human FGF21 analogue; Monoclonal antibody to lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2); Galectin-3 inhibitor; FGF19 variant Losartan; Cenicriviroc; VK-2809; MGL-3196; Pegbelfermin; Simtuzumab; GR-MD-02; NGM282 Details

Target ID Target Name GENE Action Class UniProtKB ID Entry Name
T07 Bile acid receptor NR1H4 agonist Nuclear hormone receptor Q96RI1 NR1H4_HUMAN Details

Diseases ID DO ID Disease Name Definition Class
I05 9352 Type 2 diabetes mellitus A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus Details
I14 9970 Obesity An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition Details

Drug ID Drug Name Type DrugBank ID Targets Category Latest Progress
D593 GSI Miscellany -- Notch inhibitor Anti-fibrosis Under investigation Details
D579 Emfilermin Miscellany -- adipocytes Enhance lipid metabolism Under investigation Details
D316 S-adenosyl-L-methionine Chemical drug DB00118 GNMT cofactor Antiviral Under clinical trials Details
D199 L-alanine Chemical drug DB00160 KYNU -- Failed in clinical trials Details