Repositioning Candidate Details
| Candidate ID: | R1221 |
| Source ID: | DB09092 |
| Source Type: | approved; withdrawn |
| Compound Type: | small molecule |
| Compound Name: | Xanthinol |
| Synonyms: | Xantinol |
| Molecular Formula: | C13H21N5O4 |
| SMILES: | CN(CCO)CC(O)CN1C=NC2=C1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)N2C |
| Structure: |
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| DrugBank Description: | Xanthinol is a very potent water-soluble derivative of niacin that can be found in diet supplements. It is also known as xanthinol nicotinate. Xaninthol is known to be a potent vasodilator that can easily pass through the cell membrane and once inside the cell it causes an increase in glucose metabolism resulting in an increased energy. It was approved as a drug in 1998 in Canada and nowadays its status is cancelled post marketing. |
| CAS Number: | 2530-97-4 |
| Molecular Weight: | 311.342 |
| DrugBank Indication: | Xanthinol is primarily used in diet supplements to increase the brain metabolism of glucose and obtain ATP. Xanthinol is also used as an agent to reduced cholesterol as it is a vasodilator. Its action allows having an elevated rate of blood flow in the brain which helps improve memory function, concentration and awareness. Thus, due to his actions, xanthinol is indicated to improve cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular disorders as well as hyperlipidaemias. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | Reports indicate that xanthinol increases blood flow in the vascular beds. The use of xanthinol in clinical trials have reported improvements in the performance of healthy elderly individuals in short- and long-term memory tests. The later effect is explained by the enhancing on the cell metabolism and oxygen supply in the brain by the rise of ATP in erythrocytes which allows penetration into capillaries easier and a higher oxygen pressure in the capillary blood which improves oxygenation of surrounding tissue. |
| DrugBank MoA: | The positively charged xanthinol ion is thought to help the transportation of the nicotinic acid into the cell since the later cannot freely diffuse through the cell membrane. The mechanism of action is thought to be related to present influence in the cell metabolism through the nucleotides NAD and NADP. Also, the nicotinic acid is a coenzyme for a lot of proteins involved in tissue respiration (Embden-Meyerhof and citrate cycle). The effect of xanthinol nicotinate causes an increase in glucose metabolism and energy gain. |
| Targets: | 60S ribosomal protein L3 binder; NAD(P) transhydrogenase, mitochondrial cofactor; Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase cofactor; Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD] subunit alpha, mitochondrial cofactor; 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial cofactor; Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial cofactor |
| Inclusion Criteria: | Indication associated |
