Repositioning Candidate Details
| Candidate ID: | R0456 |
| Source ID: | DB01225 |
| Source Type: | approved |
| Compound Type: | small molecule |
| Compound Name: | Enoxaparin |
| Synonyms: | -- |
| Molecular Formula: | -- |
| SMILES: | -- |
| DrugBank Description: | Enoxaparin is a common low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) used in the prevention and management of various thromboembolic disorders. Initially approved by the FDA in 1993, it is administered by a subcutaneous or intravenous injection and marketed by several pharmaceutical companies. Enoxaparin markedly reduces the incidence of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients when compared to unfractionated , without increasing the risk of serious bleeding. |
| CAS Number: | 9005-49-6 |
| Molecular Weight: | |
| DrugBank Indication: | Enoxaparin is indicated for the prevention of ischemic complications in unstable angina and in non Q-wave myocardial infarction; it is indicated in conjunction with percutaneous intervention and/or other treatment for the management of acute ST elevation myocardial infarction. Enoxaparin is also indicated in the prophylaxis of DVT in abdominal surgery, hip replacement, knee replacement, or medical patients with severely restricted mobility during acute illness. Additionally, enoxaparin is indicated for the inpatient treatment of DVT with or without pulmonary embolism and the treatment of outpatient DVT without pulmonary embolism. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | This drug has an immediate onset of action. Enoxaparin increases Thrombin Time (TT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), preventing and reducing thromboembolic complications such as DVT, pulmonary embolism, and ischemic cardiac complications. Administered at 1.5 mg/kg subcutaneously in a pharmacodynamic study, enoxaparin led to a higher ratio of anti-Factor Xa to anti-Factor IIa activity (mean ±SD, 14.0±3.1) (based on areas under anti-Factor activity versus time curves) when compared to that of heparin (mean ±SD, 1.22±0.13). Increases in the TT and aPTT were 1.8 times those of the control group. Enoxaparin at 1 mg/kg subcutaneously every 12 hours led to aPTT values of 45 seconds or less in most patients. Average aPTT prolongation time on Day 1 was approximately 16% higher than on Day 4 of enoxaparin therapy. Caution is advised during treatment with enoxaparin - the risk of hemorrhage and thrombocytopenia is increased. In pregnant women with prosthetic mechanic heart valves, the risk of thromboembolism is increased. |
| DrugBank MoA: | Enoxaparin binds to antithrombin III, a serine protease inhibitor, forming a complex that irreversibly inactivates factor Xa, which is frequently used to monitor anticoagulation in the clinical setting. Following factor Xa inactivation, enoxaparin is released and binds to other anti-thrombin molecules. Factor IIa (thrombin) is directly inhibited by enoxaparin, however with less potency than unfractionated heparin (UFH). Due to the cascade of effects resulting from enoxaparin binding, thrombin is unable to convert fibrinogen to fibrin and form a clot, preventing thromboembolic events. |
| Targets: | Antithrombin-III potentiator; Coagulation factor X inhibitor; Prothrombin inhibitor |
| Inclusion Criteria: | Indication associated |
| Strategy ID | Strategy | Synonyms | Related Targets | Related Drugs |
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| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
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| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I08 | 114 | Cardiovascular system disease | A disease of anatomical entity which occurs in the blood, heart, blood vessels or the lymphatic system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells or lymph to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system | disease of anatomical entity | Details |