| Drug ID: | Drug52 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Iron |
| CID: | 23925 |
| DrugBank ID: | DB01592 |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | approved |
| US Approved: | NO |
| Other Approved: | YES |
| Identifier: | NCT01017614, , NCT03441893 |
| Molecular Formula: | Fe |
| Molecular Weight: | 55.84 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | [Fe] |
| Synonyms: | IRON; 7439-89-6; Iron, elemental; Ferrum; Iron powder; Remko; Armco iron; Ferrovac E; Ancor B; hierro |
| Phase 0: | 4 |
| Phase 1: | 19 |
| Phase 2: | 46 |
| Phase 3: | 81 |
| Phase 4: | 92 |
| Description: | A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia. |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt472 | 23925 | Iron | 3040 | HBA2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Activator | |
| dt473 | 23925 | Iron | 7037 | TFRC | Homo sapiens (human) | 16564538 | None |
| dt474 | 23925 | Iron | 54583 | EGLN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16649251 | None |
| dt475 | 23925 | Iron | 55869 | HDAC8 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16681389 | Cofactor |
| dt476 | 23925 | Iron | 51327 | AHSP | Homo sapiens (human) | 16901899 | None |
| dt477 | 23925 | Iron | 2395 | FXN | Homo sapiens (human) | 16911956 | None |
| dt478 | 23925 | Iron | 2495 | FTH1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 17070541 | None |
| dt479 | 23925 | Iron | 2237 | FEN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt480 | 23925 | Iron | 79661 | NEIL1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt481 | 23925 | Iron | 252969 | NEIL2 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05581420 | Oral Versus Intravenous Iron in IBD Patients With Anti-inflammatory Therapy. | NA | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Ferrous fumarate|DRUG: MonoFer | Details |
| NCT05456932 | Predicting Response to Iron Supplementation in Patients With Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Iron-deficiency|Iron … | DRUG: Intravenous iron|DRUG: Ferric maltol|DRUG: … | Details |
| NCT07141238 | Microplastic Analysis in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | Medical University of Gdansk | Crohn Disease|Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | OTHER: Environmental microplastic exposure | Details |
| NCT05225545 | Sucrosomial Iron vs. Oral Iron Sulfate for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Sucrosomial Iron|DRUG: Oral Iron | Details |
| NCT05176795 | Host-microbiota-environment Interactions | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand | Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis|Diabetes type1|Infl… | OTHER: Stool sample | Details |
| NCT04960826 | Study of an Environmental Risk Factor in Crohn's Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | None | Details |
| NCT04587141 | Clinical Burden of Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Therapeutic Trial | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Sucrosomial iron|DRUG: Ferric Gluconate|DRU… | Details |
| NCT04565821 | Feasibility Study to Assess a Trans-nasal Intestinal Potential Difference Probe | NA | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Massachusetts General Hospital | Inflammatory Disease|Permeability; Increased|Croh… | DEVICE: IPD Probe via TNIT | Details |
| NCT04318405 | Real Life Study on Iron Isomaltoside 1000 in the Treatment of ID in CKD, Heart Failure, ObGyn, IBD, Cancer and Elective Surgery (Real-CHOICE). | NULL | COMPLETED | Pierre Fabre Pharma AG | Iron-Deficiency Anemia|Iron-Deficiency | DRUG: Iron isomaltoside 1000 | Details |
| NCT07380022 | Acceptability, Adherence, and Impact on the Bioavailability of Iron and Zinc of the Dietary Supplements Goodphyte IB Defense and Goodphyte Immunity in Adults With Chronic Diseases. | NA | RECRUITING | University of Thessaly | IBD|Hypertension (HTN)|Multiple Sclerosis|Anemia|… | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Dietary supplement interventi… | Details |
| NCT04123990 | Study of the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NA | UNKNOWN | VIFORFRANCE | Intestinal Disease | DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Iron status testing | Details |
| NCT03872622 | Intestinal Response Patterns to Microbial Signals | NA | COMPLETED | Sheba Medical Center | CD - Crohn's Disease | OTHER: Blood tests, intestinal biopsies, stool sa… | Details |
| NCT03466983 | A Trial Comparing the Incidence of Hypophosphatemia in Relation to Treatment With Iron Isomaltoside and Ferric Carboxymaltose in Subjects With Iron Deficiency Anaemia Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Pharmacosmos A/S | IBD | DRUG: Iron Isomaltoside|DRUG: Ferric Carboxymalto… | Details |
| NCT03457571 | Clinical Observational Study: IBD Patients With Restless-legs-syndrome and Iron Deficiency Syndrome | NULL | COMPLETED | Charite University, Berlin, Germany | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Restless Legs Syndrom… | None | Details |
| NCT03376230 | Role of the Chemical Environment in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | OTHER: Collect of blood, urines, and intestinal b… | Details |
| NCT03282903 | The PRognostic Effect of Environmental Factors in Crohn's and Colitis | NULL | COMPLETED | University of Edinburgh | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Crohn Disease|Ulcerat… | None | Details |
| NCT03247816 | Feraccru® Real World Effectiveness Study in Hospital Practice ( FRESH ) | NULL | COMPLETED | Shield Therapeutics | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | None | Details |
| NCT03136419 | Microbiota and Immune microEnvironment in Pouchitis | NA | UNKNOWN | University of Padova | Pouchitis|Ulcerative Colitis|Ileal Pouch | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Lactobacillus casei DG|DIETAR… | Details |
| NCT02965209 | European Novel Motorized Spiral Endoscopy Trial | NA | COMPLETED | Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf | Disorder of Small Intestine|Gastrointestinal Hemo… | PROCEDURE: motorized spiral enteroscopy | Details |
| NCT02774057 | Trial of Captafer® vs. Oral Iron Sulfate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With IBD | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Disease | DRUG: Captafer®|DRUG: Iron Sulfate | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | Crohn's disease | An intestinal disease that involves inflammation located_in intestine. | disease of anatomical entity gastrointestinal system disease, intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease | Obiltoxaximab; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Sulfasalazine; Ursodeoxycholic acid; Pegunigalsidase alfa; Imiglucerase; Bictegravir; Taliglucerase alfa; Etelcalcetide; Cimetidine; Desonide | Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory diseas… | Details |
| 2.0 | ulcerative colitis | A colitis that is predominantly confined to the mucosa located_in colon and includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. | disease of anatomical entity, gastrointestinal system disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract; intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis; disease, primary immunodeficiency disease, autoimmune disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract | Mirikizumab; Olsalazine; Balsalazide; Sulfasalazine; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Tixocortol; Kappadione; Teicoplanin; Atezolizumab; Gamolenic acid; Upadacitinib | No abstract available | Details |
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Anti-inflammatory | inflammatory | 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs); corticosteroids | Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main com… | Details |
| S02 | Immunosuppression | Classic immunosuppressive drugs | azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; methotrexate; ciclosporin-A; tacrolimus | Ciclosporin-A and tacrolimus bind to specific intracellular… | Details |
| S03 | Anti-TNF agents | Tumor necrosis factor | infliximab; adalimumab; golimumab; certolizumab pegol | TNF is produced by various immune and non-immune cells in t… | Details |
| S04 | T-cell homing and retention | T-cell trafficking | vedolizumab; anti-MAdCAM1 antibodies ; etrolizumab | Inhibition of the interaction between α4β7 integrins on T c… | Details |
| S07 | Blockade of cytokine | Cytokine signalling | apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab | Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … | Details |
| S08 | Strengthening barrier function | Modulation of barrier function | phosphatidylcholine (lecithin); imiquimod; mongersen | Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negat… | Details |
| S11 | Improveming Intestinal Microecology | the intestinal microbiota | antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; postbiotics; synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) | The imbalance between beneficial bacteria and harmful patho… | Details |
Influence of environmental factors on the onset and course of inflammatory bowe…
PMID: 26811649
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
Numerous environmental factors have been linked with inflammatory bowel disease. These include smoking, diet, hygiene, drugs, geographical and psycho…
The role of ferric carboxymaltose in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in…
PMID: 26770269
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common form of nutritional anemia worldwide. Iron plays a pivotal role in vital functioning of almost every …
Microbiota-Modulated Metabolites Shape the Intestinal Microenvironment by Regul…
PMID: 26638072
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
Host-microbiome co-evolution drives homeostasis and disease susceptibility, yet regulatory principles governing the integrated intestinal host-commen…
Cryptic relatedness in epidemiologic collections accessed for genetic associati…
PMID: 26579192
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of UC in Bahia, a Brazilian state, and to ident…
The influence of landscape configuration and environment on population genetic …
PMID: 26492434
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
Elucidating the adaptive genetic potential of wildlife populations to environmental selective pressures is fundamental for species conservation. Gen…
Environmental Risk Factors of Pediatric-Onset Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis an…
PMID: 26465796
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
The gastrointestinal mucus layer is colonized by a dense community of microbes catabolizing dietary and host carbohydrates during their expansion in…
Advances in Pediatric Intravenous Iron Therapy
PMID: 26376214
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) continues to be very common worldwide. Intravenous (IV) iron is an infrequently used therapeutic option in children with…
Iron deficiency anaemia
PMID: 26314490
Year: 2016
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
Anaemia affects roughly a third of the world's population; half the cases are due to iron deficiency. It is a major and global public health problem …
Microenvironmental control of stem cell fate in intestinal homeostasis and dise…
PMID: 25974319
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
The conventional model of intestinal epithelial architecture describes a unidirectional tissue organizational hierarchy with stem cells situated at t…
Colonic Insult Impairs Lymph Flow, Increases Cellular Content of the Lymph, Alt…
PMID: 25939039
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
BACKGROUND: Lymphatic dysfunction has been linked to inflammation since the 1930s. Lymphatic function in the gut and mesentery is grossly underexplor…
Prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in Romanian patients with inflammatory…
PMID: 25822429
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Anemia is the most frequent systemic complication in inflammatory bowel diseases. It affects the quality of life and can interac…
Environmental enteropathy and malnutrition: do we know enough to intervene?
PMID: 25604120
Year: 2014
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
Environmental enteropathy (EE) is a poorly defined state of intestinal inflammation without overt diarrhea that occurs in individuals exposed over ti…
Long-term clinical outcomes of urban versus rural environment in Korean patient…
PMID: 25602024
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
BACKGROUND AIMS: Environmental factors and genetic predisposition are thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease [CD]. Al…
Ferric maltol is effective in correcting iron deficiency anemia in patients wit…
PMID: 25545376
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
BACKGROUND: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is frequently seen in inflammatory bowel disease. Traditionally, oral iron supplementation is linked to exte…
Interleukin‑21 promotes the development of ulcerative colitis and regulates the…
PMID: 25371082
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of developing colitis‑associated colon cancer. Previous studies have indicated that inter…
Magnetic resonance enterography in refractory iron deficiency anemia: a pictori…
PMID: 25320540
Year: 2014
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
AIM: To highlight magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) for diagnosis of patients with refractory iron deficiency anemia and normal endoscopy results…
The intestinal microbiota and microenvironment in liver
PMID: 25315744
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
The intestinal microbiome plays a significant role in the development of autoimmune diseases, in particular, inflammatory bowel diseases. But the int…
[Iron deficiency and digestive disorders]
PMID: 25282486
Year: 2014
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.3
Iron deficiency anemia still remains problematic worldwide. Iron deficiency without anemia is often undiagnosed. We reviewed, in this study, symptoms…
Inflammation-associated adherent-invasive Escherichia coli are enriched in path…
PMID: 25230163
Year: 2014
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.3
BACKGROUND: Perturbations of the intestinal microbiome, termed dysbiosis, are linked to intestinal inflammation. Isolation of adherent-invasive Esche…
Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases: a review
PMID: 25204669
Year: 2015
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.3
Inflammatory bowel diseases comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic immunologically mediated diseases. The key mechan…