| Drug ID: | Drug52 |
|---|---|
| Drug Name: | Iron |
| CID: | 23925 |
| DrugBank ID: | DB01592 |
| Modality: | Small Molecule |
| Groups: | approved |
| US Approved: | NO |
| Other Approved: | YES |
| Identifier: | NCT01017614, , NCT03441893 |
| Molecular Formula: | Fe |
| Molecular Weight: | 55.84 g/mol |
| Isomeric SMILES: | [Fe] |
| Synonyms: | IRON; 7439-89-6; Iron, elemental; Ferrum; Iron powder; Remko; Armco iron; Ferrovac E; Ancor B; hierro |
| Phase 0: | 4 |
| Phase 1: | 19 |
| Phase 2: | 46 |
| Phase 3: | 81 |
| Phase 4: | 92 |
| Description: | A metallic element found in certain minerals, in nearly all soils, and in mineral waters. It is an essential constituent of hemoglobin, cytochrome, and other components of respiratory enzyme systems. Its chief functions are in the transport of oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in cellular oxidation mechanisms. Depletion of iron stores may result in iron-deficiency anemia. Iron is used to build up the blood in anemia. |
Molecular Structure
Knowledge Graph
| dtID | CID | Compound Name | Gene ID | Gene Name | Species | PubMed IDs | Action |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dt472 | 23925 | Iron | 3040 | HBA2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Activator | |
| dt473 | 23925 | Iron | 7037 | TFRC | Homo sapiens (human) | 16564538 | None |
| dt474 | 23925 | Iron | 54583 | EGLN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16649251 | None |
| dt475 | 23925 | Iron | 55869 | HDAC8 | Homo sapiens (human) | 16681389 | Cofactor |
| dt476 | 23925 | Iron | 51327 | AHSP | Homo sapiens (human) | 16901899 | None |
| dt477 | 23925 | Iron | 2395 | FXN | Homo sapiens (human) | 16911956 | None |
| dt478 | 23925 | Iron | 2495 | FTH1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 17070541 | None |
| dt479 | 23925 | Iron | 2237 | FEN1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt480 | 23925 | Iron | 79661 | NEIL1 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
| dt481 | 23925 | Iron | 252969 | NEIL2 | Homo sapiens (human) | 20622253 | None |
- No data available
Phase Distribution
Phase Description
- Phase 0: Exploratory trials to assess drug behavior in humans
- Phase 1: Safety trials to determine safe dosage range
- Phase 2: Efficacy trials to evaluate therapeutic effects
- Phase 3: Large-scale trials to confirm efficacy and safety
- Phase 4: Post-marketing surveillance for long-term safety and efficacy
| Trial ID | Title | Phase | Status | Sponsor | Indications | Interventions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05581420 | Oral Versus Intravenous Iron in IBD Patients With Anti-inflammatory Therapy. | NA | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Ferrous fumarate|DRUG: MonoFer | Details |
| NCT05456932 | Predicting Response to Iron Supplementation in Patients With Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | Leiden University Medical Center | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Iron-deficiency|Iron … | DRUG: Intravenous iron|DRUG: Ferric maltol|DRUG: … | Details |
| NCT07141238 | Microplastic Analysis in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | Medical University of Gdansk | Crohn Disease|Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | OTHER: Environmental microplastic exposure | Details |
| NCT05225545 | Sucrosomial Iron vs. Oral Iron Sulfate for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Ulcerative Colitis | DRUG: Sucrosomial Iron|DRUG: Oral Iron | Details |
| NCT05176795 | Host-microbiota-environment Interactions | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand | Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis|Diabetes type1|Infl… | OTHER: Stool sample | Details |
| NCT04960826 | Study of an Environmental Risk Factor in Crohn's Disease | NULL | RECRUITING | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | None | Details |
| NCT04587141 | Clinical Burden of Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Therapeutic Trial | PHASE3 | UNKNOWN | Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | DRUG: Sucrosomial iron|DRUG: Ferric Gluconate|DRU… | Details |
| NCT04565821 | Feasibility Study to Assess a Trans-nasal Intestinal Potential Difference Probe | NA | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING | Massachusetts General Hospital | Inflammatory Disease|Permeability; Increased|Croh… | DEVICE: IPD Probe via TNIT | Details |
| NCT04318405 | Real Life Study on Iron Isomaltoside 1000 in the Treatment of ID in CKD, Heart Failure, ObGyn, IBD, Cancer and Elective Surgery (Real-CHOICE). | NULL | COMPLETED | Pierre Fabre Pharma AG | Iron-Deficiency Anemia|Iron-Deficiency | DRUG: Iron isomaltoside 1000 | Details |
| NCT07380022 | Acceptability, Adherence, and Impact on the Bioavailability of Iron and Zinc of the Dietary Supplements Goodphyte IB Defense and Goodphyte Immunity in Adults With Chronic Diseases. | NA | RECRUITING | University of Thessaly | IBD|Hypertension (HTN)|Multiple Sclerosis|Anemia|… | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Dietary supplement interventi… | Details |
| NCT04123990 | Study of the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NA | UNKNOWN | VIFORFRANCE | Intestinal Disease | DIAGNOSTIC_TEST: Iron status testing | Details |
| NCT03872622 | Intestinal Response Patterns to Microbial Signals | NA | COMPLETED | Sheba Medical Center | CD - Crohn's Disease | OTHER: Blood tests, intestinal biopsies, stool sa… | Details |
| NCT03466983 | A Trial Comparing the Incidence of Hypophosphatemia in Relation to Treatment With Iron Isomaltoside and Ferric Carboxymaltose in Subjects With Iron Deficiency Anaemia Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease | PHASE4 | COMPLETED | Pharmacosmos A/S | IBD | DRUG: Iron Isomaltoside|DRUG: Ferric Carboxymalto… | Details |
| NCT03457571 | Clinical Observational Study: IBD Patients With Restless-legs-syndrome and Iron Deficiency Syndrome | NULL | COMPLETED | Charite University, Berlin, Germany | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Restless Legs Syndrom… | None | Details |
| NCT03376230 | Role of the Chemical Environment in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NULL | TERMINATED | University Hospital, Lille | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | OTHER: Collect of blood, urines, and intestinal b… | Details |
| NCT03282903 | The PRognostic Effect of Environmental Factors in Crohn's and Colitis | NULL | COMPLETED | University of Edinburgh | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases|Crohn Disease|Ulcerat… | None | Details |
| NCT03247816 | Feraccru® Real World Effectiveness Study in Hospital Practice ( FRESH ) | NULL | COMPLETED | Shield Therapeutics | Anemia, Iron Deficiency|Inflammatory Bowel Diseas… | None | Details |
| NCT03136419 | Microbiota and Immune microEnvironment in Pouchitis | NA | UNKNOWN | University of Padova | Pouchitis|Ulcerative Colitis|Ileal Pouch | DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT: Lactobacillus casei DG|DIETAR… | Details |
| NCT02965209 | European Novel Motorized Spiral Endoscopy Trial | NA | COMPLETED | Evangelisches Krankenhaus Düsseldorf | Disorder of Small Intestine|Gastrointestinal Hemo… | PROCEDURE: motorized spiral enteroscopy | Details |
| NCT02774057 | Trial of Captafer® vs. Oral Iron Sulfate in the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients With IBD | PHASE4 | UNKNOWN | American University of Beirut Medical Center | Iron Deficiency Anemia|Inflammatory Bowel Disease | DRUG: Captafer®|DRUG: Iron Sulfate | Details |
| Disease ID | Disease Name | Definition | Category | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | Crohn's disease | An intestinal disease that involves inflammation located_in intestine. | disease of anatomical entity gastrointestinal system disease, intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease | Obiltoxaximab; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Sulfasalazine; Ursodeoxycholic acid; Pegunigalsidase alfa; Imiglucerase; Bictegravir; Taliglucerase alfa; Etelcalcetide; Cimetidine; Desonide | Crohn's disease is a relapsing systemic inflammatory diseas… | Details |
| 2.0 | ulcerative colitis | A colitis that is predominantly confined to the mucosa located_in colon and includes characteristic ulcers, or open sores. | disease of anatomical entity, gastrointestinal system disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract; intestinal disease, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis; disease, primary immunodeficiency disease, autoimmune disease, autoimmune disease of gastrointestinal tract | Mirikizumab; Olsalazine; Balsalazide; Sulfasalazine; Budesonide; Hydrocortisone acetate; Tixocortol; Kappadione; Teicoplanin; Atezolizumab; Gamolenic acid; Upadacitinib | No abstract available | Details |
| Strategy ID | Therapeutic Strategy | Synonyms | Related Drugs | Mechanism | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Anti-inflammatory | inflammatory | 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs); corticosteroids | Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two main com… | Details |
| S02 | Immunosuppression | Classic immunosuppressive drugs | azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; methotrexate; ciclosporin-A; tacrolimus | Ciclosporin-A and tacrolimus bind to specific intracellular… | Details |
| S03 | Anti-TNF agents | Tumor necrosis factor | infliximab; adalimumab; golimumab; certolizumab pegol | TNF is produced by various immune and non-immune cells in t… | Details |
| S04 | T-cell homing and retention | T-cell trafficking | vedolizumab; anti-MAdCAM1 antibodies ; etrolizumab | Inhibition of the interaction between α4β7 integrins on T c… | Details |
| S07 | Blockade of cytokine | Cytokine signalling | apremilast; roflumilast; filgotinib; tofacitinib; ABT494; ABT-874; ustekinumab; isankizumab; LY-2525623; AMG139; MEDI2079; guselkumab | Various T-cell subsets, their differentiation pathways and … | Details |
| S08 | Strengthening barrier function | Modulation of barrier function | phosphatidylcholine (lecithin); imiquimod; mongersen | Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) is a nonpathogenic Gram-negat… | Details |
| S11 | Improveming Intestinal Microecology | the intestinal microbiota | antibiotics; probiotics; prebiotics; postbiotics; synbiotics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) | The imbalance between beneficial bacteria and harmful patho… | Details |
Mesalazine in the initial management of severely acutely malnourished children …
PMID: 25189855
Year: 2014
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
BACKGROUND: Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an acquired syndrome of impaired gastrointestinal mucosal barrier function that is thought to …
Iron sucrose - characteristics, efficacy and regulatory aspects of an establish…
PMID: 25186219
Year: 2014
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
INTRODUCTION: Iron is a key element in the transport and utilization of oxygen and a variety of metabolic pathways. Iron deficiency is a major cause …
[The role of hepcidin in iron metabolism in inflammatory bowel diseases]
PMID: 24988613
Year: 2014
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.3
Hepcidin is a 25-amino-acid peptide synthesized predominantly in hepatocytes, which plays an essential role in the regulation of systemic iron homeos…
Intestinal inflammation modulates expression of the iron-regulating hormone hep…
PMID: 24973448
Year: 2014
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.3
States of chronic inflammation such as inflammatory bowel disease are often associated with dysregulated iron metabolism and the consequent developme…
Rating the environmental and genetic risk factors for colorectal cancer
PMID: 31803304
Year: 2012
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.1
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease preventable in up to 50% of the patients by lifestyle modifications. The preventive strategy for the decrease in…
Is iron deficiency in the absence of anemia associated with fatigue in inflamma…
PMID: 24005345
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.1
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia worldwide, caused by poor iron intake, chronic blood loss, or impaired absorption. Patients…
Environmental risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease
PMID: 23935543
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.1
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic immunologically mediated diseases that often have a relapsing-remitting course in young …
Impact of heparanase and the tumor microenvironment on cancer metastasis and an…
PMID: 23908791
Year: 2011
Relationship Type:
Clinical Trial
Score: 9.1
Heparanase is an endo-beta-D-glucuronidase that cleaves heparan sulfate (HS) side chains at a limited number of sites, activity that is strongly impl…
The gut microbiome in intestinal fibrosis: environmental protector or provocate…
PMID: 23785034
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.1
In individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases, intestinal fibrosis is a serious clinical complication with no specific therapies. Patients develop …
Iron deficiency anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
PMID: 23766655
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.1
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising worldwide, with a particularly sharp increase in children. Rates are highest in North Am…
Kolaviron, a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemical prevents d…
PMID: 23336970
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Adverse Effect
Score: 9.1
The beneficial effects of kolaviron, a natural biflavonoid from the seeds of Garcinia kola, have been attributed mainly to its antioxidant and anti-i…
Intravenous iron in inflammatory bowel diseases
PMID: 23274316
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.1
Bronchopulmonary signs and symptoms are examples of variable extraintestinal manifestations of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). These complica…
Intravenous iron in digestive diseases: a clinical (re)view
PMID: 23251730
Year: 2010
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.1
Intravenous iron has been considered dangerous by many clinicians. In the last two decades, considerable experience has been gained with new formulat…
Prevalence and predictive factors for gastrointestinal pathology in young men e…
PMID: 23192647
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.1
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of gastrointestinal lesions in young men with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is unknown, and there are no evidence-based rec…
The use of small bowel capsule endoscopy in iron deficiency anaemia: low impact…
PMID: 23183118
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.1
INTRODUCTION: Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) is a useful diagnostic modality in small bowel disorders. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is one of …
Protective and aggravating effects of Nlrp3 inflammasome activation in IBD mode…
PMID: 23075874
Year: 2012
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.1
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Interactions between mucosal cell types, environmental stressors, and intestinal microbiota contribute to pathogenesis in inflamm…
Unfolded protein responses in the intestinal epithelium: sensors for the microb…
PMID: 22955354
Year: 2012
Relationship Type:
Mechanism
Score: 9.1
In inflammatory bowel disease, the intestinal microbiota is a key driver of inflammation. Hence, efficient sensing of luminal antigens and subsequent…
[Genetics and environment in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases]
PMID: 22891482
Year: 2012
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.1
Inflammatory bowel diseases are both environmental and genetic illnesses. More than one hundred genes or loci involved in the regulation of innate or…
Preventive Therapy of Experimental Colitis with Selected iron Chelators and Ant…
PMID: 22826760
Year: 2012
Relationship Type:
Treatment
Score: 9.1
OBJECTIVES: Iron chelators, such as maltol and kojic acid, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. They may have beneficial effects on inf…
REGENT: a risk assessment and classification algorithm for genetic and environm…
PMID: 22669417
Year: 2013
Relationship Type:
Association
Score: 9.1
The identification of environmental and genetic factors that contribute to disease risk requires appropriate statistical methods and software that ca…