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Regulation of the tuft cell-ILC2 circuit in intestinal mucosal immunity
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Front Immunol PMID: 40356895
The intestinal mucosal immune system maintains homeostasis through complex interactions between epithelial cells and innate lymphoid cells in the lamina propria. Tuft cells, previously overlooked intestinal epithelial cell types, detect parasites and metabolites via Sucnr1 and TAS2R receptors. They secrete IL-25, which activates type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) via …
Sigesbeckia pubescens makino alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice by modulating the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Front Pharmacol PMID: 40356967
BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a prevalent immune-mediated inflammatory bowel disease characterized by mucus secretion, hematochezia, and diarrhea. This study compared the therapeutic effects of three Siegesbeckiae Herba (SH) species used in traditional Chinese medicine-Sigesbeckia orientalis L (SO), Sigesbeckia pubescens Makino (SP), and Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino (SG) - in dextran …
Efficacy and safety of IL-23 p19 inhibitors in the treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Front Pharmacol PMID: 40356994 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1490667
BACKGROUND: The treatment outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been significantly improved by the advent of new biologics, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), particularly for refractory cases. However, the growing number of therapeutic options has also complicated clinical decision-making regarding drug selection and switching. The overall …
The Role of Gut Microbiota on Intestinal Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Inflamm Res PMID: 40357383 DOI: 10.2147/JIR.S504827
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder of the intestine, frequently complicated by intestinal fibrosis. As fibrosis progresses, it can result in luminal stricture and compromised intestinal function, significantly diminishing patients' quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota and their metabolites contribute to the pathogenesis …
Incidental low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm in Crohn's disease patient post ileocecal resection: a case report
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Surg Case Rep PMID: 40357459 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjaf294
Appendiceal mucinous neoplasm is a rare tumor, found in 0.2%-0.3% of appendectomies. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a known risk factor for colorectal cancer; however, appendiceal mucinous neoplasm is rarely reported in IBD patients. Here we report a rare case in a patient with Crohn's disease after ileocecal resection. She …
Therapeutic Potential and Translational Challenges for Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Inflamm Bowel Dis PMID: 40357729 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaf107
Despite the availability of numerous new immune-directed therapeutics, the major constituents of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD)-continue to afflict millions worldwide, resulting in significant morbidity and long-term health risks. IBD results from a triad of immune, environmental (eg, gut microbiome), and genetic (including epigenetic) mechanisms, …
Developing IBD Outcome Effect Size Thresholds to Inform Research, Guidelines, and Clinical Decisions
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Inflamm Bowel Dis PMID: 40357737 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaf085
BACKGROUND: When designing clinical trials, interpreting trial outcomes for guideline development or sharing decisions with patients in clinical practice, the clinical outcomes used and the implicit choices on what constitutes a clinically significant finding can vary greatly. This can lead to diversity or even inequity in care offered to patients …
Six-Year Observation Data Reveal Reduction in Concomitant Steroid Overuse for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Germany
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Inflamm Bowel Dis PMID: 40357739 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaf108
BACKGROUND: Maintenance and/or prolonged treatment with oral corticosteroid (OCS) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not recommended, yet remains common. This study assessed concomitant OCS use and overuse in IBD patients in Germany from 2017 to 2022. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed German claims data (2017-2022). Patients over 18 years of …
Biological Ageing and the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Exploring the Role of Lifestyle and Genetic Susceptibility in a Nationwide Prospective Study
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Inflamm Bowel Dis PMID: 40357740 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaf106
BACKGROUND: Accelerated biological aging has been linked to an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), though its interplay with genetic susceptibility remains unclear. METHODS: We analyzed data from 310 441 UK Biobank participants to investigate associations between PhenoAge acceleration (a measure of biological aging), genetic risk, and the incidence …
Decreased Fecal Nicotinamide and Increased Bacterial Nicotinamidase Gene Expression in Ulcerative Colitis Patients
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Inflamm Bowel Dis PMID: 40357746
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is significantly linked with gut microbiota, which is essential for maintaining gut health. Their metabolites mitigate gut inflammation and bolster barrier function. Among these metabolites, we focused on vitamin B3, which has been reported to improve the pathogenesis of UC in mice. This study aimed to …
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