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AI-driven glomerular morphology quantification: a novel pipeline for assessing basement membrane thickness and podocyte foot process effacement in kidney diseases
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Comput Methods Programs Biomed PMID: 40354728
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Measuring the thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) and assessing the percentage of podocyte foot process effacement (%PFPE) are important for diagnosing non-neoplastic kidney diseases. However, when performed manually by nephropathologists using electron microscopy (EM) images, these assessments are hindered by the lack of universally standardized …
Interaction between nutritional factors and the enteric nervous system in inflammatory bowel diseases
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Nutr Biochem PMID: 40354831
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a highly conserved, yet complicated network of neurons and glial cells located throughout the gut wall that controls digestive processes and gastrointestinal (GI) homeostasis. The intestinal epithelium, the immune system, and the gut microbiota are just a few examples of the cellular networks that …
Assessing the toxicological effects and mechanism of plasticizer exposure on inflammatory bowel disease based on network toxicology and molecular docking
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Food Chem Toxicol PMID: 40354873 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2025.115543
Phthalates (PAEs) are one of the most commonly used plasticizers. Due to their good performance, they are widely used in daily production, such as food packaging, paints, adhesives, children's toys, lubricants and building materials. However, PAEs usually have weak interactions with polymers, which can easily cause environmental pollution in use. …
The functions of gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism in intestinal immunity
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Adv Res PMID: 40354934
BACKGROUND: Bile acids, derived from cholesterol in the liver, consist a steroidal core. Primary bile acids and secondary bile acids metabolized by the gut microbiota make up the bile acid pool, which modulate nuclear hormone receptors to regulate immunity. Disruptions in the crosstalk between bile acids and the gut flora …
Small milk-derived extracellular vesicles: Suitable vehicles for oral drug delivery?
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Eur J Pharm Biopharm PMID: 40355010
Current treatments for inflammatory bowel disease often fail due to systemic side effects, but bovine milk-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise for targeted delivery to inflamed gut tissue via the leaky gut effect. This study assessed the stability of EVs as drug carriers in simulated gastrointestinal (GI) fluids and their …
Lactobacillus salivarius alleviated dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammatory responses through modulation of the intestinal flora
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Microb Pathog PMID: 40355053 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.107696
Colitis is a multifactorial inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) involving intestinal barrier dysfunction, immune dysregulation, oxidative stress, and microbiota imbalance. Lactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius), a probiotic with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, was evaluated in a mouse model of DSS-induced colitis. Treatment with L. salivarius significantly reduced weight loss, colon shortening, and …
Clinical features and differential diagnosis in symptomatic localized terminal ileitis or ulcer
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Medicine (Baltimore) PMID: 40355190
Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques, the accurate identification and management of localized terminal ileitis or ulcers (LTIU) remains challenging, with a wide range of associated diseases presenting with similar clinical and endoscopic features. This retrospective observational study aimed to determine the etiology and discrimination of various diseases in patients with …
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with coexisting coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel disease
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Arch Dis Child PMID: 40355251 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2025-328470
OBJECTIVE: Growing evidence suggests that coeliac disease (CeD) is more common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but diagnostic confusion remains due to overlapping histological and clinical features. Few studies have investigated this relationship in children. We aimed to assess the prevalence of CeD in our paediatric IBD cohort …
1-methyl-tryptophan improves anxiety-like behavior in colitis mice by inhibiting neuroinflammation, promoting cell regeneration, and decreasing apoptosis
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Clin Exp Immunol PMID: 40355363 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxaf030
INTRODUCTION: Mood disorders such as anxiety are important extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are more prevalent in active IBD. Studies have shown that pharmacologically induced anxiety was correlated with changes in plasma Kynurenine (Kyn) concentrations. Our previous study also found that Kyn was abnormally increased in the …
Deucravacitinib in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: 12-week efficacy and safety results from 3 randomized phase 2 studies in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Crohns Colitis PMID: 40355364
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Tyrosine kinase 2 is a downstream intracellular mediator of interleukin-23 signaling, which has a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Deucravacitinib is a novel, oral, selective, allosteric tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor currently approved for the treatment of adults with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. …
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