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Molecular insights into anti-inflammatory activities of selected Indian herbs

Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Ayurveda Integr Med PMID: 40154100

Inflammation is a universal response of mammalian tissue to harm, comprising reactions to injuries, pathogens, and foreign particles. Chronic inflammation, often present in allergies and autoimmune disorders, poses significant risks, potentially leading to conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease. It can also be a …

Discovery of novel Bis-amide analogue ST12 for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation

Publication Year: 2025 Source: Bioorg Chem PMID: 40154236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2025.108402

Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of novel bis-amide small molecule anti-inflammatory agents, among them, compound ST12 showed most potent anti-inflammatory activity. ST12 effectively inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) (inhibition rate of 52.67 +/- 0.03 % at 10 muM) and downregulated the mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines …

Signal termination of the chemokine receptor CCR9 is governed by an arrestin-independent phosphorylation mechanism

Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Biol Chem PMID: 40154615

The C-C chemokine receptor type 9 (CCR9) coordinates immune cell migration from the thymus to the small intestine along gradients of the chemokine CCL25. Receptor dysregulation is associated with a variety of inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's and ulcerative colitis, whereas aberrant CCR9 overexpression correlates with tumor metastasis. Despite …

Zinc amino acid chelate and the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) cooperate in improving the barrier function of a Caco-2 cell intestinal epithelium

Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Nutr Biochem PMID: 40154643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2025.109909

Zinc and several physiologically relevant ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) are nutrients that promote intestinal barrier function. We have identified that AHR activation upregulates the expression of zinc importers in the intestinal epithelium to increase intracellular zinc concentrations, which leads to improved epithelial barrier function. Here, we investigated …

Faecal microbiota transplantation to decolonize vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus: A pilot study to evaluate safety and clinical outcome

Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Glob Antimicrob Resist PMID: 40154780

OBJECTIVES: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown promise as a treatment for recurrent or refractory Clostridioides difficile infections. This study aimed to evaluate the decolonization effects of FMT on vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). METHODS: This feasibility trial prospectively recruited patients with more than three recurrent VRE infections. FMT was performed by …

Bypass is associated with lower treatment failure than stricturoplasty in duodenal Crohn's disease: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analyses

Publication Year: 2025 Source: J Gastrointest Surg PMID: 40154834

BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) of the duodenum is uncommon, and the goal of treatment is often avoidance of surgery. However, as many as one-third of patients with CD will eventually require surgery for their disease. This study aimed to compare the outcomes and safety of surgical treatments of duodenal CD. …

The Relationship Between CSF1R Signaling, Monocyte-Macrophage Differentiation, and Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Publication Year: 2025 Source: Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol PMID: 40154882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2025.101510

More than 300 genomic loci have been associated with increased susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through genome-wide association studies. A major challenge in the translation of genome-wide association studies to mechanistic insights lies in connecting noncoding variants to function. For example, single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the vicinity of the …

Lack of IFN-γ response of human uterine myometrium-derived MSCs significantly improve multiple IBD parameters compared to bone marrow MSCs: Implications for anti-TNFα-refractory patients

Publication Year: 2025 Source: Pharmacol Res PMID: 40154933 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107716

The clinical efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is inconsistent and often fails to match promising preclinical findings. To improve outcome, we compared MSCs isolated from human uterine myometrium (Ut), a readily-available tissue source from a unique immune niche, to bone marrow (BM) MSCs, …

Large-scale biosynthetic analysis of human microbiomes reveals diverse protective ribosomal peptides

Publication Year: 2025 Source: Nat Commun PMID: 40155374

The human microbiome produces diverse metabolites that influence host health, yet the chemical landscape of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs)-a versatile class of bioactive compounds-remains underexplored. Here, we conduct a large-scale biosynthetic analysis of 306,481 microbial genomes from human-associated microbiomes, uncovering a broad array of yet-to-be-discovered RiPPs. These …

Different fibroblast subtypes propel spatially defined ileal inflammation through TNFR1 signalling in murine ileitis

Publication Year: 2025 Source: Nat Commun PMID: 40155385

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