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Inflammation-retentive hyaluronic acid-mesalamine conjugate for enhanced oral therapy in ulcerative colitis
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Int J Biol Macromol PMID: 40473171
Mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid; MES) is a cost-effective, first-line therapy for mild to moderate ulcerative colitis, but oral administration often results in rapid gastrointestinal (GI) absorption, limiting drug delivery to inflamed areas. To improve targeting and reduce systemic exposure, we developed an inflammation-retentive hyaluronic acid-mesalamine conjugate (HA-MES) via a water-based carbodiimide-mediated …
Trends in the prevalence of autoimmune diseases during pregnancy in the UK, 2000-21: a retrospective cohort study
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Lancet Rheumatol PMID: 40473454
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune diseases are increasingly prevalent worldwide and disproportionately affect women of reproductive age, including during pregnancy. Given the association between autoimmune diseases, comorbidities, and risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, we aimed to estimate the burden of autoimmune disease in pregnancy. METHODS: This was a UK population-based retrospective cohort …
Detecting genetic interactions with visible neural networks
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Commun Biol PMID: 40473911
Non-linear interactions among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genes, and pathways play an important role in human diseases, but identifying these interactions is a challenging task. Neural networks are state-of-the-art predictors in many domains due to their ability to analyze big data and model complex patterns, including non-linear interactions. In genetics, …
Machine learning based gut microbiota pattern and response to fiber as a diagnostic tool for chronic inflammatory diseases
Publication Year: 2025 Source: BMC Microbiol PMID: 40474070
Gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple gastrointestinal (GI) and systemic metabolic and inflammatory disorders where disrupted gut microbiota composition and function (dysbiosis) has been found in multiple studies. Thus, human microbiome data holds significant potential as a source of information for diagnosing and characterizing diseases-such as …
Comprehensive evaluation of clinical phenotypes and pathogenic features in late-onset monogenic inflammatory bowel disease: a comparative study with infantile-onset cases
Publication Year: 2025 Source: BMC Gastroenterol PMID: 40474095 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-025-04041-4
BACKGROUND: Monogenic inflammatory bowel disease (mIBD) in patients with onset after the age of 16 has been increasingly recognized, but these reports are sporadic and lack a systematic overview, leaving the clinical and genetic characteristics poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize these late-onset mIBD (LO-mIBD), using an infantile-onset population …
Fungal β-glucan instructed miR-32-5p modulates Dectin-1 signaling mediated inflammation, reactive oxygen species and apoptosis through polarization of "M2a-like" macrophage in Candida colitis
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Virulence PMID: 40474676
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and easy-to-relapse intestinal disease characterized by colon inflammation and microbial dysbiosis. Candida albicans is the most common fungal resident in the human gut. Overgrowth of C. albicans has been linked to the aggravation of UC. Previously, we demonstrated that miR-32-5p was the most differentially …
Case Report: Exploring beyond tumors: intra-abdominal mass in a young patient with Crohn's disease
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Front Pediatr PMID: 40475218 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2025.1544459
An abdominal mass is an uncommon manifestation of Crohn's disease, often mimicking the granulomatous, infectious, or neoplastic conditions. In this case, a 12-year-old girl presented with abdominal pain and a mass in the right lower quadrant (RLQ). Despite the absence of typical gastrointestinal symptoms, investigations revealed an indeterminate abdominal mass. …
PIWIL2 downregulation in colon cancer promotes transposon activity and pro-tumorigenic phenotypes
Publication Year: 2025 Source: bioRxiv PMID: 40475606
Reactivation of transposable elements (TEs) in somatic tissues, particularly of LINE-1, is associated with disease by causing gene mutations and DNA damage. Previous work has shown that the PIWI pathway is crucial for TE suppression in the germline. However, the status and function of this pathway is not well characterized …
Advancing intestinal disease research using gut-on-a-chip
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Regen Ther PMID: 40475693
The intestine is exposed constantly to mechanical stimuli, including blood flow or peristalsis. Recently, gut-on-a-chip models have been developed to recapitulate these physiological stresses. In such models, blood flow and peristalsis are simulated by perfusing culture medium through microchannels and applying cyclic suction to vacuum chambers. With these gut-on-a-chips, the …
Remarkable increase in Interleukin-5 receptor expression beyond tissue eosinophils in inflammatory bowel disease
Publication Year: 2025 Source: Front Immunol PMID: 40475764 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1589421
INTRODUCTION: The role of tissue eosinophils and their relationship with interleukin-5 in gastrointestinal disorders have not been elucidated. This study aimed to analyze tissue eosinophils and interleukin-5 receptor-alpha subunit (IL-5RA) expression on eosinophils in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS: Blood and stool test results and radiologic and endoscopic findings in …
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