Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A13766 |
| PMID: | 29766802 |
| Source: | Curr Drug Targets |
| Title: | Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Related Molecular Mechanisms in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). |
| Abstract: | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common public health issue and is considered a main drive for liver diseases. However, the basic mechanisms that trigger the development of NAFLD still remain somewhat elusive. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress facilitates the unfolded protein response (UPR) and contributes to the etiology of steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and ultimately hepatocarcinoma. Although ER stress may lead to a cascade of compensatory responses that help to restore ER homeostasis, cell survival and adaptation, prolonged ER stress is known to impose detrimental pathological outcome, involving insulin resistance, ectopic fat deposition, inflammation, apoptosis, and dysregulated autophagy. All of these processes are capable of provoking the onset and development of NAFLD. To this end, it is pertinent to understand the role of ER stress in the onset and progression of NAFLD for proper management of this devastating metabolic disease. Here in this review, we will summarize available information on the recent advances in the potential role for ER stress in the etiology of NAFLD. |
| DOI: | 10.2174/1389450118666180516122517 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S13 | Anti-apoptosis | hepatocyte apoptosis; hepatic autophagy; apoptosis | Pan-caspase inhibitor | Emricasan | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D248 | Obeticholic Acid | Chemical drug | DB05990 | NR1H4 activator; NR1H4 agonist; FXR agonist | Enhance lipid metabolism | Approval rejected | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |