Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A20599 |
| PMID: | 25864208 |
| Source: | Ann Hepatol |
| Title: | Obesity as a cause of hepatocellular carcinoma. |
| Abstract: | During recent years the incidence of obesity has increased significantly, and in some instances rapidly, in many resource-rich countries. Paralleling this increase has been an increase in the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. It has been estimated that as many as 90% of obese adults will develop the metabolic syndrome. The worldwide incidence of this syndrome in adults at this time ranges from 9 to 34%. Furthermore, obesity in childhood increases the risk of obesity in adulthood, and hence the development of the metabolic syndrome and hepatocellular carcinoma. Ten to 20% of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and 8.3% of the latter develop cirrhosis. Up to 50% of these patients with cirrhosis, and a significant proportion of those without cirrhosis, progress to hepatocellular carcinoma. Much remains to be learnt about the mechanisms by which obesity and the metabolic syndrome cause hepatocellular carcinoma, although insulin resistance, increased tissue necrosis factor activity, alterations in serum lipids, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatosis play important roles. There is also increasing evidence that gut microbiota play a role in the development of the metabolic syndrome and hence of hepatocellular carcinoma. |
| DOI: |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S06 | Regulating intestinal flora | intestine gut microbiota; gut microbiota | farnesoid X receptor (FXR); fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19) | Probiotics; Prebiotics; Rifaximin; Yaq-001; Cilofexor; EDP-305; EYP001a; INT-767 | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |