Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A26747 |
| PMID: | 19840251 |
| Source: | Liver Int |
| Title: | Ad36 adipogenic adenovirus in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. |
| Abstract: | AIMS: Infection with specific pathogens may lead to increased adiposity. The human adenovirus 36 (Ad36) is a relatively new factor in promoting adipogenesis. It seems to improve the metabolic profile, expanding adipose tissue and enhancing insulin sensitivity in animal models. The aim of this study was to investigate whether any association or predictor effect of Ad36 seropositivity is present in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition associated with obesity and insulin resistance (IR). METHODS: Sixty-five NAFLD patients and 114 controls were investigated. Ultrasound bright liver score (BLS), body composition, IR evaluated by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA or HOMA-IR) and serum neutralization assay for antibodies to Ad36 were assessed. RESULTS: Ad36-seropositive patients have a lower risk of bright liver [OR 0.505 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.265-0.962)]; greater IR leads to a higher risk of bright liver [OR 9.673 (95% CI 4.443-21.058)]. Among NAFLD, Ad36-seropositive vs. Ad36-seronegative patients did not show a significant IR difference. Ad36-seropositive NAFLD patients, with the same levels of HOMA and BLS, had greater body mass index and body fat mass, in comparison with seronegative NAFLD patients. By a multiple linear regression model, BLS was explained by HOMA (beta 0.513; P<0.0001), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (beta-0.219, P<0.006) and Ad36 seropositivity (beta-0.202, P<0.005); Ad36 seropositivity did not explain HOMA in the other multiple logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS: Ad36 seropositivity is not associated with a significant difference of IR in NAFLD patients, but is associated with a greater adiposity. Ad36 seropositivity is associated with a lower occurrence of NAFLD and bright liver, which, conceivably, is not directly mediated by IR. |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02127.x |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S07 | Anti-lipogenesis | de novo lipogenesis; de novo lipogenesis; DNL; anti-lipogenic mechanisms; adipogenesis; anti-obesity | stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1); Acetyl-coenzyme carboxylase; acyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor (ACC inhibitor); stearoyl Coenzyme A desaturase inhibitor (SCD inhibitor); THR-beta selective agonist; DGAT2 inhibitor; FASN inhibitor | Aramchol; Firsocostat (GS-0976); VK-2809; ION 224 | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D080 | Citrulline | Chemical drug | DB00155 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D328 | Serine | Chemical drug | DB00133 | SRR | Improve insulin resistance | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D316 | S-adenosyl-L-methionine | Chemical drug | DB00118 | GNMT cofactor | Antiviral | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |