Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A27176 |
| PMID: | 19034256 |
| Source: | Minerva Med |
| Title: | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. |
| Abstract: | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is fast becoming the most common chronic liver condition in many parts of the world. It is a heterogeneous disease encompassing a broad spectrum of histologic states characterized universally by macrovesicular hepatic steatosis. NAFLD is now recognized as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of the disease is increasing, tied closely to the increased prevalence of insulin resistance in industrialized countries. Risk factors for NAFLD include obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, and hypertriglyceridemia. The clinical course of NAFLD depends upon the histologic subtype. Patients with simple hepatic steatosis generally are thought to have a benign long-term prognosis. However, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis can progress to cirrhosis and may have a similar prognosis as cirrhosis from other liver disease with progression to end stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. The decision to obtain a biopsy is determined by weighing the risks of the biopsy against the information obtained from the biopsy. No standardized therapeutic approach exists although many promising modalities are under investigation. This paper presents an overview of the incidence and prevalence of disease, diagnosis, histologic spectrum, natural history, pathogenesis, clinical course, and current treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. |
| DOI: |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S08 | Lifestyle measures | Lifestyle intervention; weight loss; diet adaptation; dietary interventions; lifestyle modifications; Exercise | -- | -- | Details |
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I13 | 3146 | Lipid metabolism disorder | An inherited metabolic disorder that involves the creation and degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism | disease of metabolism/ inherited metabolic disorder | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |