Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A27691 |
| PMID: | 17657385 |
| Source: | Singapore Med J |
| Title: | Significant non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is found in non-diabetic, pre-obese Chinese in Singapore. |
| Abstract: | INTRODUCTION: To characterise the anthropometrical and metabolic parameters of a group of non-diabetic and non-obese patients who had histologically-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). METHODS: During September 1997 to November 1999, consent for liver biopsies were sought from a consecutive series of patients, whose body mass index (BMI) were equal to or less than 30 kg per square metres, and who had persistently elevated serum alanine transaminase (more than 2.5 times upper limit of normal for more than six months), with no associated viral hepatitis, alcohol or drug-induced liver disease, hereditary liver disease and diabetes mellitus. Patients who were found to have steatohepatitis histologically were further studied. Their body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences were taken, and fasting serum lipid and glucose measured. Serum insulin was measured in six patients and insulin resistance (IR) was calculated by homeostasis model assessment. Oral glucose tolerance tests were done if fasting glucose levels were greater than 6 mmol/L. All liver biopsies were reviewed by a single histopathologist. Three age- and sex-matched controls were randomly selected for each patient. RESULTS: 11 of 12 patients who underwent liver biopsies were found to have NASH. All 11 were Chinese: eight males and three females. 73 percent of them had hepatic fibrosis. Overall, compared to controls, they had significantly higher body weight, BMI, IR and triglyceridaemia. The female patients also had a higher waist-hip ratio than controls. None had diabetes mellitus, and one had impaired glucose tolerance/fasting glycaemia. Nine out of 11 had BMI between 25 and 30 kg per square metres. CONCLUSION: Significant histological changes of NASH with hepatic fibrosis were found in Singaporean Chinese non-diabetic patients with BMI of less than 30 kg per square metres. |
| DOI: |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S03 | Anti-fibrosis | fibrosis | Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB); CCR2/CCR5 antagonist; Thyroid receptor β agonist; PEGylated human FGF21 analogue; Monoclonal antibody to lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2); Galectin-3 inhibitor; FGF19 variant | Losartan; Cenicriviroc; VK-2809; MGL-3196; Pegbelfermin; Simtuzumab; GR-MD-02; NGM282 | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I13 | 3146 | Lipid metabolism disorder | An inherited metabolic disorder that involves the creation and degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_metabolism | disease of metabolism/ inherited metabolic disorder | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D545 | Pig placenta extract | Biological extract | -- | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D199 | L-alanine | Chemical drug | DB00160 | KYNU | -- | Failed in clinical trials | Details |
| D328 | Serine | Chemical drug | DB00133 | SRR | Improve insulin resistance | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D316 | S-adenosyl-L-methionine | Chemical drug | DB00118 | GNMT cofactor | Antiviral | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D094 | Cysteamine | Chemical drug | DB00847 | GSS stimulant | Renal drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D095 | Cysteamine bitartrate | Chemical drug | DB00847 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |