Research Article Details

Article ID: A02831
PMID: 34226120
Source: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
Title: Insulin resistance and NAFLD may influence memory performance in obese patients with prediabetes or newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Diabetes has consistently been shown to increase risk for cognitive decline. Cognitive deficits may occur at the very earliest stages of diabetes. We sought to estimate the determinants of memory function in a group of middle-aged obese subjects with prediabetes or newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sixty-two obese patients in treatment with metformin-with prediabetes (n = 41) or newly diagnosed T2DM (n = 21), were studied. Short- and long-term memory function was assessed through a neuropsychological assessment consisting of two tests and a composite domain z score was calculated. Cardiometabolic variables, such as abdominal MRI quantification of subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue content, and of intra-hepatocellular lipid content, as well as insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index, HOMA-IR) and beta cell performance (Beta Index), by multiple sampling, 8-point oral glucose tolerance test, were also evaluated. Age, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and lnHOMA-IR together explained 18% (R square) of the variance in memory domain. Including NAFLD increased the explained variance by 8% and including lnHOMA-IR by 9.1%, whereas the contribution of age and other factors was negligible. CONCLUSION: Preventing and managing insulin resistance in precocious and possibly earlier stages of diabetes might provide benefit in slowering down future cognitive decline.
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.027

Strategy ID Therapy Strategy Synonyms Therapy Targets Therapy Drugs
S01 Improve insulin resistance insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide Details

Target ID Target Name GENE Action Class UniProtKB ID Entry Name

Diseases ID DO ID Disease Name Definition Class
I05 9352 Type 2 diabetes mellitus A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus Details
I14 9970 Obesity An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition Details

Drug ID Drug Name Type DrugBank ID Targets Category Latest Progress
D225 Metformin Chemical drug DB00331 PRKAB1 inducer activator; ETEDH inhibitor; GPD1 inhibitor Improve insulin resistance Under clinical trials Details
D080 Citrulline Chemical drug DB00155 -- -- Under clinical trials Details
D182 Insulin Biological drug DB00030 INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of -- Under clinical trials Details
D316 S-adenosyl-L-methionine Chemical drug DB00118 GNMT cofactor Antiviral Under clinical trials Details
D157 Glucophage Chemical drug DB00331 -- -- Under clinical trials Details