Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A49279 |
| PMID: | 35803320 |
| Source: | Metabolism |
| Title: | Recent guidelines for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Are they already outdated and in need of supplementation? |
| Abstract: | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a highly prevalent disease and unmet clinical need, has been commonly associated with metabolic comorbidities, including obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Since no FDA approved treatments exist to date, recent guidelines recommend lifestyle interventions, bariatric surgery, and pharmacotherapy, i.e., glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) agonists, and SGLT-2 inhibitors for its treatment. A new and novel medication for the treatment of T2D, tirzepatide, a dual GIP/GLP-1RA, was approved by the FDA only one week after guidelines were published, and ongoing clinical trials demonstrate promising results not only for T2D but also body weight and liver-related outcomes. As the metabolism field is moving forward very fast and as this and other molecules will be demonstrating benefits in the treatment of NAFLD, guidelines will need to be updated frequently. This rapid pace of change prompt us to propose that guidelines should exist as living documents online on the websites of professional societies so that they continue being updated following and reflecting the rapid progress in this and other fields of medicine. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155248 |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T20 | Fatty acid synthase | FASN | inhibitor | Enzyme | P49327 | FAS_HUMAN | Details |
| T06 | Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor | GLP1R | agonist | GPCR | P43220 | GLP1R_HUMAN | Details |
| T07 | Bile acid receptor | NR1H4 | agonist | Nuclear hormone receptor | Q96RI1 | NR1H4_HUMAN | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I12 | 10763 | Hypertension | An artery disease characterized by chronic elevated blood pressure in the arteries. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertension, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24352797 | disease of anatomical entity/ cardiovascular system disease/vascular disease/ artery disease | Details |
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| I14 | 9970 | Obesity | An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity | disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D579 | Emfilermin | Miscellany | -- | adipocytes | Enhance lipid metabolism | Under investigation | Details |
| D327 | Semaglutide | Chemical drug | DB13928 | GLP1R agonist | Antidiabetic drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D207 | Liraglutide | Biological drug | DB06655 | GLP1R activator; GLP1R agonist; GCG receptor antagonist activity | Improve insulin resistance | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D370 | Tirzepatide | Biological drug | DB15171 | GIP agonist; GLP-1 receptor agonist | Improve insulin resistance | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D155 | Glucagon | Biological drug | DB00040 | GCGR agonist | Antidiabetic drug | Under clinical trials | Details |