Research Article Details

Article ID: A00532
PMID: 35052811
Source: Biomedicines
Title: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Pathophysiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
Abstract: Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women's reproductive period of life. The presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD, one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease in the Western world, is increased in women with PCOS. This review aims to present current knowledge in epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostics, and treatment of NAFLD in PCOS with an emphasis on the molecular basis of development of NAFLD in PCOS women. Methods: Authors investigated the available data on PCOS and NAFLD by a MEDLINE and Pub Med search during the years 1990-2021 using a combination of keywords such as "PCOS", "NAFLD", "steatohepatitis", "insulin resistance", "hyperandrogenaemia", "inflammation", "adipose tissue", and "obesity". Peer-reviewed articles regarding NAFLD and PCOS were included in this manuscript. Additional articles were identified from the references of relevant papers. Results: PCOS and NAFLD are multifactorial diseases, The development of NAFLD in PCOS women is linked to insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, obesity, adipose tissue dysfunction, and inflammation. There is the possible role of the gut microbiome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endocannabinoid system in the maintenance of NAFLD in PCOS women. Conclusions: There is a need for further investigation about the mechanism of the development of NAFLD in PCOS women. New data about the molecular basis of development of NAFLD in PCOS integrated with epidemiological and clinical information could influence the evolution of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of NAFLD in PCOS.
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010131

Strategy ID Therapy Strategy Synonyms Therapy Targets Therapy Drugs
S01 Improve insulin resistance insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide Details

Target ID Target Name GENE Action Class UniProtKB ID Entry Name

Diseases ID DO ID Disease Name Definition Class
I05 9352 Type 2 diabetes mellitus A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus Details
I14 9970 Obesity An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity disease of metabolism/acquired metabolic disease/ nutrition disease/overnutrition Details

Drug ID Drug Name Type DrugBank ID Targets Category Latest Progress
D248 Obeticholic Acid Chemical drug DB05990 NR1H4 activator; NR1H4 agonist; FXR agonist Enhance lipid metabolism Approval rejected Details
D579 Emfilermin Miscellany -- adipocytes Enhance lipid metabolism Under investigation Details
D182 Insulin Biological drug DB00030 INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of -- Under clinical trials Details