Research Article Details
| Article ID: | A06535 |
| PMID: | 32833701 |
| Source: | Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care |
| Title: | Lifestyle interventions affecting hepatic fatty acid metabolism. |
| Abstract: | PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is increasing, and as pharmacological treatment does not exist, lifestyle interventions (i.e. diet and exercise) represent the cornerstone management and treatment strategy. Although the available data clearly demonstrate that changes in lifestyle influence intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content, the mechanisms through which this is achieved are seldom investigated. Here, we review recent evidence demonstrating the influence of lifestyle interventions on hepatic fatty acid metabolism and IHTG content. RECENT FINDINGS: Diet and exercise influence IHTG content through various, and often interrelated factors. These include alterations in whole-body and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, which may influence the flux of fatty acid and lipogenic substrates to the liver, and changes in intrahepatic fatty acid synthesis and partitioning. Notably, there are only a few studies that have investigated intrahepatic fatty acid metabolism in vivo in humans before and after an intervention. SUMMARY: Lifestyle interventions represent an effective means of influencing hepatic fatty acid metabolism. IHTG content is decreased without weight-loss either through exercise or by changing the macronutrient composition of the diet, although what the optimal macronutrient composition is to achieve this has yet to be defined. |
| DOI: | 10.1097/MCO.0000000000000687 |
| Strategy ID | Therapy Strategy | Synonyms | Therapy Targets | Therapy Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S08 | Lifestyle measures | Lifestyle intervention; weight loss; diet adaptation; dietary interventions; lifestyle modifications; Exercise | -- | -- | Details |
| S01 | Improve insulin resistance | insulin sensitizer; insulin resistance; glucose tolerance | Biguanide: increases 5-AMP activated protein kinase signaling; SGLT-2 inhibitor; Thiazalidinedione: selective PPAR-γ agonists; GLP-1 agonist | Metformin; Empagliflozin; Canagliflozin; Rosiglitazone; Pioglitazone; Liraglutide | Details |
| S02 | Enhance lipid metabolism | triglyceride-lowering; lipid tolerance; lipid metabolism | 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) inhibitor; Decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption; FXR agonist; ACC inhibitor; FAS inhibitor; DGAT2 inhibitor; SCD-1 inhibitor | Atorvastatin; Ezetimibe; Obeticholic Acid; GS-9674; GS-0976; TVB-2640; IONIS-DGAT2rx; Aramchol; | Details |
| Target ID | Target Name | GENE | Action | Class | UniProtKB ID | Entry Name |
|---|
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I05 | 9352 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus | A diabetes that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 | disease of metabolism/inherited metabolic disorder/ carbohydrate metabolic disorder/glucose metabolism disease/diabetes/ diabetes mellitus | Details |
| Drug ID | Drug Name | Type | DrugBank ID | Targets | Category | Latest Progress | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D579 | Emfilermin | Miscellany | -- | adipocytes | Enhance lipid metabolism | Under investigation | Details |
| D182 | Insulin | Biological drug | DB00030 | INSR agonist; CPE modulator&product of | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D094 | Cysteamine | Chemical drug | DB00847 | GSS stimulant | Renal drug | Under clinical trials | Details |
| D095 | Cysteamine bitartrate | Chemical drug | DB00847 | -- | -- | Under clinical trials | Details |