Repositioning Candidate Details
| Candidate ID: | R1368 |
| Source ID: | DB11338 |
| Source Type: | approved; nutraceutical |
| Compound Type: | biotech |
| Compound Name: | Clove oil |
| Synonyms: | Caryophylii floris aetheroleum; Caryophyllus aromaticus bud oil; Clove bud oil; Clove volatile oil; Ding xiang bud oil; Eugenia aromatica bud oil; Eugenia caryophyllata bud oil; Eugenia caryophyllus (clove) bud oil; Eugenia caryophyllus (clove) flower oil; Syzygium aromaticum bud oil; Syzygium aromaticum oil |
| Molecular Formula: | -- |
| SMILES: | -- |
| DrugBank Description: | Clove oil is obtained by extraction from the dried flower buds of the clove plant. Traditionally, it has been used as a flavouring spice in foods, or as a fragrance. It is also found in topical analgesics. Clove oil has shown to exert some antimicrobial activities. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of clove is higher than that of many fruits, vegetables, and other spices . Clove is native of Indonesia but is now cultured in several parts of the world, including Brazil in the state of _Bahia_. This plant represents one of the richest source of phenolic compounds such as _eugenol_, _eugenol acetate_ and _gallic acid_ and has great potential for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and agricultural applications . Interestingly, clove oil has been studied for its potential benefit in treating neuropathic pain, as well as vaginal candidiasis with promising results , . The FDA categorizes clove oil as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in dental cement or as a food additive . |
| CAS Number: | 8000-34-8 |
| Molecular Weight: | |
| DrugBank Indication: | Clove oil is primarily indicated in conditions like colic, flatulence, and toothache . |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. ) essential oil (CEO) has been demonstrated to possess antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-histamine, and anticancer properties. However, few studies have focused on its topical use , . Clove essential oil, used as an antiseptic in oral infections, inhibits gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as yeast . |
| DrugBank MoA: | The chief constituent present in clove oil is the phenol "_eugenol_" which is present in amounts up to 85%. Clove oil acts as a germicide to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Clove oil is thought to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, thereby reducing painful symptoms . Eugenol, the main constituent of clove oil is purported to have anticancer action. In one study, eugenol-treated HL-60 cells showed features of apoptosis including DNA fragmentation and formation of DNA ladders in agarose gel electrophoresis. It was observed that eugenol transduced the apoptotic signal via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, inducing mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), decreasing anti-apoptotic protein _bcl-2_ level, inducing _cytochrome c_ release to the cytosol, and subsequent apoptotic cell death. When taken together, the study showed that ROS plays a critical role in eugenol-induced apoptosis in _HL-60_, and this is the first report on the mechanism of the anticancer effect of eugenol . |
| Targets: | Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 antagonist; C-X-C motif chemokine 10; Collagen alpha-1(I) chain; Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor subunit alpha |
| Inclusion Criteria: | Therapeutic strategy associated |
| Strategy ID | Strategy | Synonyms | Related Targets | Related Drugs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S13 | Anti-apoptosis | hepatocyte apoptosis; hepatic autophagy; apoptosis | Pan-caspase inhibitor | Emricasan | Details |
| S05 | Anti-inflammatory | inflammatory | Bile acid; TNF-a inhibitor; Dual PPAR-α and -δ agonists; Toll-Like Receptor; (TLR)-4 antagonist; Caspase inhibitor; ASK-1 inhibitor | Ursodeoxycholic Acid; Pentoxifylline; Elafibranor; JKB-121; Emricasan; Selonsertib; | Details |
| Diseases ID | DO ID | Disease Name | Definition | Class |
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