Repositioning Candidate Details
| Candidate ID: | R0278 |
| Source ID: | DB00780 |
| Source Type: | approved |
| Compound Type: | small molecule |
| Compound Name: | Phenelzine |
| Synonyms: | Phenelzine |
| Molecular Formula: | C8H12N2 |
| SMILES: | NNCCC1=CC=CC=C1 |
| Structure: |
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| DrugBank Description: | Phenelzine, with the formula β-phenylethylhydrazine, is a monoamine oxidase inhibiting antidepressant that is effective in the treatment of panic disorder and social anxiety disorder. It was developed by Parke Davis and originally FDA approved on June 9th, 1961. It is currently approved under prescription by the name of Nardil. |
| CAS Number: | 51-71-8 |
| Molecular Weight: | 136.1943 |
| DrugBank Indication: | Phenelzine is indicated for the treatment of nonendogenous, neurotic or atypical depression for patients that do not tolerate other forms of therapy. Atypical depression has a high prevalence rate, starts in early life, tends to last longer, is more likely to occur in people with bipolar disorder, has a high comorbidity with anxiety disorder and carries more risk of suicidal behavior. It is important to specify the atypical feature to predict the clinical course of depression and hence generate the best treatment and service. The featuring symptoms of the atypical feature include mood reactivity, two or more of this symptoms: 1) increased appetite, 2) increased sleep, 3) leaden paralysis and 4) interpersonal rejection sensitivity and should not have melancholic or catatonic features of depression. Neurotic depression is a depression of an emotionally unstable person. It is a secondary condition to major personality disorder, neuroses and drug use disorders. Likewise, a primary depression with a family history of depression spectrum disease would fit in this category. A nonendogenous depression is characterized by a disturbance in mood and general outlook. The physical symptoms tend to be less severe and it often occurs in response to stressful life events that keep occurring over a large period of time generating a continuous stress in the daily living. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | The elimination of monoamine oxidase by phenelzine results in the elevation of brain amines such as 2-phenylethylamine which is a metabolite of phenelzine. These amines have then marked effects on the uptake and release of catecholamines and serotonin in nerve endings. Phenelzine is shown to elevate brain levels of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and alanine (ALA) as well as to inhibit the activity of the transaminases that normally metabolize these amino acids. In preclinical studies, it has been shown to be neuroprotective in cerebral ischemia. |
| DrugBank MoA: | The basic mechanism of action of phenelzine acts as an inhibitor and substrate of monoamine oxidase which subsequently causes an elevation in brain levels of catecholamines and serotonin. It also presents a similar structure to amphetamine which explains the effect on the uptake and release of dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin. Phenelzine has been reported to inhibit tyrosine aminotransferase, aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, and dopamine B-hydroxylase. |
| Targets: | Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A antagonist; Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B antagonist; Membrane primary amine oxidase inhibitor; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial inhibitor; Alanine aminotransferase 1 inhibitor; Alanine aminotransferase 2 inhibitor; Glutamic acid decarboxylase inhibitor |
| Inclusion Criteria: | Indication associated |
| Strategy ID | Strategy | Synonyms | Related Targets | Related Drugs |
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