Repositioning Candidate Details
| Candidate ID: | R0424 |
| Source ID: | DB01143 |
| Source Type: | approved; investigational |
| Compound Type: | small molecule |
| Compound Name: | Amifostine |
| Synonyms: | Amifostine; Amifostine anhydrous; Aminopropylaminoethyl thiophosphate |
| Molecular Formula: | C5H15N2O3PS |
| SMILES: | NCCCNCCSP(O)(O)=O |
| Structure: |
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| DrugBank Description: | A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia. |
| CAS Number: | 20537-88-6 |
| Molecular Weight: | 214.223 |
| DrugBank Indication: | For reduction in the cumulative renal toxicity in patients with ovarian cancer (using cisplatin) and moderate to severe xerostomia in patients undergoing post-operative radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | Amifostine is an organic thiophosphate cytoprotective agent indicated to reduce the cumulative renal toxicity associated with repeated administration of cisplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer or non-small cell lung cancer and also to reduce the incidence of moderate to severe xerostomia in patients undergoing post-operative radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. Amifostine is a prodrug that is dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase in tissues to a pharmacologically active free thiol metabolite, believed to be responsible for the reduction of the cumulative renal toxicity of cisplatin and for the reduction of the toxic effects of radiation on normal oral tissues. Healthy cells are preferentially protected because amifostine and metabolites are present in healthy cells at 100-fold greater concentrations than in tumour cells. |
| DrugBank MoA: | The thiol metabolite is responsible for most of the cytoprotective and radioprotective properties of amifostine. It is readily taken up by cells where it binds to and detoxifies reactive metabolites of platinum and alkylating agents as well as scavenges free radicals. Other possible effects include inhibition of apoptosis, alteration of gene expression and modification of enzyme activity. |
| Targets: | Alkaline phosphatase, placental-like inducer |
| Inclusion Criteria: | Therapeutic strategy associated |
