Investigational Drug Details
| Drug ID: | D387 |
| Drug Name: | Vitamin D |
| Synonyms: | Calciferol; Vitamin D NOS; Vitamin D, unspecified form |
| Type: | Supplement |
| DrugBank ID: | DB11094 |
| DrugBank Description: | Vitamin D ultimately comprises a group of lipid-soluble secosteroids responsible for a variety of biological effects, some of which include increasing the intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate. With reference to human use, there are 2 main forms of vitamin D - vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). When non-specific references are made about 'vitamin d', the references are usually about the use of vitamin D3 and/or D2. Vitamin D3 and D2 require hydroxylation in order to become biologically active in the human body. Since vitamin D can be endogenously synthesized in adequate amounts by most mammals exposed to sufficient quantities of sunlight, vitamin D functions like a hormone on vitamin D receptors to regulate calcium in opposition to parathyroid hormone. Vitamin D plays an essential physiological role in maintaining calcium homeostasis and metabolism. There are several different vitamin D supplements that are given to treat or to prevent osteomalacia and rickets, or to meet the daily criteria of vitamin D consumption. |
| PubChem ID: | 5280795 |
| CasNo: | 67-97-0 |
| Repositioning for NAFLD: | Yes |
| SMILES: | C[C@]12[C@H](/C(=C/C=C/3\C(=C)CC[C@@H](C3)O)/CCC2)CC[C@@H]1[C@@H](CCCC(C)C)C |
| Structure: |
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| InChiKey: | QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N |
| Molecular Weight: | 384.648 |
| DrugBank Targets: | Vitamin D3 receptor; Vitamin D-binding protein |
| DrugBank MoA: | Most individuals naturally generate adequate amounts of vitamin D through ordinary dietary intake of vitamin D (in some foods like eggs, fish, and cheese) and natural photochemical conversion of the vitamin D3 precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin via exposure to sunlight. Conversely, vitamin D deficiency can often occur from a combination of insufficient exposure to sunlight, inadequate dietary intake of vitamin D, genetic defects with endogenous vitamin D receptor, or even severe liver or kidney disease . Such deficiency is known for resulting in conditions like rickets or osteomalacia, all of which reflect inadequate mineralization of bone, enhanced compensatory skeletal demineralization, resultant decreased calcium ion blood concentrations, and increases in the production and secretion of parathyroid hormone . Increases in parathyroid hormone stimulates the mobilization of skeletal calcium and the renal excretion of phosphorus . This enhanced mobilization of skeletal calcium leads towards porotic bone conditions . Ordinarily, while vitamin D3 is made naturally via photochemical processes in the skin, both itself and vitamin D2 can be found in various food and pharmaceutical sources as dietary supplements. The principal biological function of vitamin D is the maintenance of normal levels of serum calcium and phosphorus in the bloodstream by enhancing the efficacy of the small intestine to absorb these minerals from the diet . At the liver, vitamin D3 or D2 is hydroxylated to 25-hydroxyvitamin D and then finally to the primary active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in the kidney via further hydroxylation . This final metabolite binds to endogenous vitamin d receptors, which results in a variety of regulatory roles - including maintaining calcium balance, the regulation of parathyroid hormone, the promotion of the renal reabsorption of calcium, increased intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and increased calcium and phosphorus mobilization of calcium and phosphorus from bone to plasma to maintain balanced levels of each in bone and the plasma . |
| DrugBank Pharmacology: | The in vivo synthesis of the predominant two biologically active metabolites of vitamin D occurs in two steps. The first hydroxylation of vitamin D3 or D2 occurs in the liver to yield 25-hydroxyvitamin D while the second hydroxylation happens in the kidneys to give 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D . These vitamin D metabolites subsequently facilitate the active absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the small intestine, serving to increase serum calcium and phosphate levels sufficiently to allow bone mineralization . Conversely, these vitamin D metabolites also assist in mobilizing calcium and phosphate from bone and likely increase the reabsorption of calcium and perhaps also of phosphate via the renal tubules . There exists a period of 10 to 24 hours between the administration of vitamin D and the initiation of its action in the body due to the necessity of synthesis of the active vitamin D metabolites in the liver and kidneys . It is parathyroid hormone that is responsible for the regulation of such metabolism at the level of the kidneys . |
| DrugBank Indication: | Vitamin D is indicated for use in the treatment of hypoparathyroidism, refractory rickets (also known as vitamin D resistant rickets), and familial hypophosphatemia . |
| Targets: | -- |
| Therapeutic Category: | Vitamin source drug |
| Clinical Trial Progress: | Clinical trial on-going (IRCT20190701044062N2) |
| Latest Progress: | Under clinical trials |
| Trial ID | Source ID | Phases | Status | Study Results | Start Date | Last Update Posted | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L0026 | NCT01083992 | Not applicable | Unknown status | No Results Available | April 2012 | April 28, 2011 | Details |
| L0076 | NCT04038853 | Phase 4 | Completed | No Results Available | December 1, 2015 | July 31, 2019 | Details |
| L0284 | NCT01571063 | Phase 2 | Completed | No Results Available | January 2013 | October 25, 2016 | Details |
| L0321 | NCT02098317 | Phase 3 | Completed | No Results Available | January 2014 | January 14, 2016 | Details |
| L0442 | IRCT20190701044062N2 | Phase 2/Phase 3 | Recruiting | No Results Available | 13/01/2020 | 24 February 2020 | Details |
| L0461 | ChiCTR1900024866 | Phase 0 | Recruiting | No Results Available | 31/07/2019 | 27 August 2019 | Details |
| L0489 | ChiCTR1800017879 | Other | Recruiting | No Results Available | 20/08/2018 | 27 August 2018 | Details |
| L0540 | IRCT2017053034222N1 | Phase 3 | Recruiting | No Results Available | 28/06/2017 | 26 March 2018 | Details |
| L0582 | ChiCTR-IOR-16008602 | Other | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 06/06/2016 | 18 April 2017 | Details |
| L0595 | IRCT2015102624725N1 | Not applicable | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 03/01/2016 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0599 | IRCT2015010720595N1 | Phase 2/Phase 3 | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 16/11/2015 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0613 | JPRN-UMIN000017150 | Not applicable | Recruiting | No Results Available | 17/04/2015 | 2 April 2019 | Details |
| L0622 | IRCT201408312709N29 | Phase 3 | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 11/10/2014 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0629 | IRCT2014020816528N1 | Not applicable | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 03/05/2014 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0640 | IRCT2013060411763N8 | Not applicable | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 12/09/2013 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0658 | EUCTR2011-003010-17-IT | Not applicable | Authorised | No Results Available | 07/03/2012 | 24 April 2012 | Details |
| L0724 | IRCT20150802023468N6 | Phase 2 | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 28/10/2019 | 5 November 2019 | Details |
| L0765 | ChiCTR1900021534 | Not applicable | Recruiting | No Results Available | 26/02/2019 | 8 April 2019 | Details |
| L0812 | PACTR201710002634203 | Not applicable | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 19/09/2017 | 7 February 2022 | Details |
| L0825 | IRCT201405251485N13 | Phase 2/Phase 3 | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 14/03/2017 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0828 | IRCT201612077732N2 | Phase 1 | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 26/02/2017 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0875 | IRCT201503163320N10 | Not applicable | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 02/07/2015 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0900 | NCT02132442 | Phase 3 | Not recruiting | No Results Available | 05/05/2014 | 16 December 2017 | Details |
| L0925 | IRCT2012071810333N1 | Not applicable | Not Recruiting | No Results Available | 14/11/2012 | 22 February 2018 | Details |
| L0939 | NCT01623024 | Phase 3 | Not recruiting | No Results Available | 15/06/2012 | 19 February 2015 | Details |
| L0940 | KCT0000406 | Not applicable | Recruiting | No Results Available | 17/04/2012 | 11 March 2019 | Details |
| L0993 | NCT00862433 | Phase 1 | Recruiting | No Results Available | October 10, 2014 | April 6, 2022 | Details |
| Strategy ID | Strategy | Synonyms | Related Targets | Related Drugs |
|---|
| Article ID | PMID | Source | Title | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A00222 | 35178204 | Caspian J Intern Med | Effect of Oral and parenteral routes of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. | Details |
| A00317 | 35140487 | Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes | The Association Between Vitamin D and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study. | Details |
| A00326 | 35134438 | Life Sci | Fluorene-9-bisphenol exposure decreases locomotor activity and induces lipid-metabolism disorders by impairing fatty acid oxidation in zebrafish. | Details |
| A00343 | 35127371 | Acta Pharm Sin B | Therapeutic regulation of autophagy in hepatic metabolism. | Details |
| A00380 | 35109946 | Nutr Res Rev | NAFLD and vitamin D: Evidence for intersection of microRNA-regulated pathways. | Details |
| A00398 | 35101633 | Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol | Inverse Association Between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. | Details |
| A00401 | 35100585 | Ann Nutr Metab | Influences of vitamin D levels and vitamin D binding protein polymorphisms on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk in a Chinese population. | Details |
| A00403 | 35100057 | Metab Syndr Relat Disord | Associations of Serum Vitamin D Level with Sarcopenia, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), and Sarcopenia in NAFLD Among People Aged 50 Years and Older: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV-V. | Details |
| A00418 | 35092183 | Pediatr Obes | Controlled attenuation parameter in the diagnosis of different liver steatosis groups in children with obesity. | Details |
| A00474 | 35068796 | J Clin Exp Hepatol | A Current Understanding of Bile Acids in Chronic Liver Disease. | Details |
| A00478 | 35067753 | Eur J Nutr | The effects of fish oil plus vitamin D3 intervention on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. | Details |
| A00804 | 34959990 | Nutrients | Dietary Composition and Its Association with Newly Diagnosed Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance. | Details |
| A00805 | 34959901 | Nutrients | Role and Treatment of Insulin Resistance in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review. | Details |
| A01023 | 34900782 | J Diabetes Metab Disord | Association and interaction between vitamin D level and metabolic syndrome for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. | Details |
| A01072 | 34878523 | Endocrinology | Adipose-specific VDR Deletion Leads to Hepatic Steatosis in Female Mice Fed a Low-Fat Diet. | Details |
| A01100 | 34869532 | Front Nutr | Clinical Relevance of Vitamins and Carotenoids With Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis Detected by Transient Elastography in Adults. | Details |
| A01177 | 34839623 | Clin Mol Hepatol | Protective association of Klotho rs495392 gene polymorphism against hepatic steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. | Details |
| A01182 | 34836382 | Nutrients | The Interplay of Vitamin D Deficiency and Cellular Senescence in The Pathogenesis of Obesity-Related Co-Morbidities. | Details |
| A01280 | 34803681 | Front Pharmacol | The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices in Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. | Details |
| A01346 | 34780030 | Hepatol Int | Impact of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on the risk of sarcopenia: a nationwide multicenter prospective study. | Details |